वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-14, verse-18

धर्मज्ञस्य कृतज्ञस्य रामस्य विदितात्मनः ।
इयं सा दयिता भार्या राक्षसी वशमागता ॥१८॥

18. dharmajñasya kṛtajñasya rāmasya viditātmanaḥ ,
iyaṃ sā dayitā bhāryā rākṣasī vaśamāgatā.

18. dharmajñasya kṛtajñasya rāmasya viditātmanaḥ
iyam sā dayitā bhāryā rākṣasī vaśam āgatā

18. iyam sā dayitā bhāryā dharmajñasya kṛtajñasya
viditātmanaḥ rāmasya rākṣasī vaśam āgatā

18. This is that beloved wife of Rama, who understands the natural law (dharma), is grateful, and is self-aware (viditātman). She has now fallen under the sway of a demoness.

Words meanings summery:

• धर्मज्ञस्य (dharmajñasya) - of him who understands the natural law (dharma) (of one who knows natural law, of one who knows righteousness)

• कृतज्ञस्य (kṛtajñasya) - of him who is grateful (of one who is grateful, of one who remembers deeds)

• रामस्य (rāmasya) - of Rama

• विदितात्मनः (viditātmanaḥ) - of him who is self-aware (of one whose self is known, of one who is self-aware)

• इयम् (iyam) - this (Sita) (this, she)

• सा (sā) - that (Sita), emphasizing 'this very' (that, she)

• दयिता (dayitā) - beloved, dear

• भार्या (bhāryā) - wife

• राक्षसी (rākṣasī) - a demoness (referring to the agency of Rāvaṇa or his female guards) (a demoness)

• वशम् (vaśam) - control, power, sway

• आगता (āgatā) - has fallen (under the sway) (has come, arrived, obtained)

Words meanings and morphology

धर्मज्ञस्य (dharmajñasya) - of him who understands the natural law (dharma) (of one who knows natural law, of one who knows righteousness)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dharmajña

dharmajña - knowing dharma, righteous

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+jña)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• jña – knowing, one who knows
  adjective
  From root jñā (to know)
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Qualifies Rāmasya.

कृतज्ञस्य (kṛtajñasya) - of him who is grateful (of one who is grateful, of one who remembers deeds)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kṛtajña

kṛtajña - grateful, knowing what has been done

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṛta+jña)

• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root kṛ (to do)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• jña – knowing, one who knows
  adjective
  From root jñā (to know)
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Qualifies Rāmasya.

रामस्य (rāmasya) - of Rama

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (name of a king)

विदितात्मनः (viditātmanaḥ) - of him who is self-aware (of one whose self is known, of one who is self-aware)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of viditātman

viditātman - one whose self (ātman) is known, self-aware

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vidita+ātman)

• vidita – known, understood
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root vid (to know)
  Root: vid (class 2)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)

Note: Qualifies Rāmasya.

इयम् (iyam) - this (Sita) (this, she)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this

Note: Refers to Sītā.

सा (sā) - that (Sita), emphasizing 'this very' (that, she)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that

Note: Emphasizes 'this very one' in conjunction with 'iyam'.

दयिता (dayitā) - beloved, dear

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dayita

dayita - beloved, dear

Past Passive Participle

From root day (to pity, to love)

Root: day (class 1)

Note: Qualifies bhāryā.

भार्या (bhāryā) - wife

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhāryā

bhāryā - wife

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle

From root bhṛ (to bear, support), literally 'one to be supported'

Root: bhṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

राक्षसी (rākṣasī) - a demoness (referring to the agency of Rāvaṇa or his female guards) (a demoness)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of rākṣasī

rākṣasī - demoness

Feminine form of rākṣasa

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

Note: Implied agent of 'vaśam āgatā'.

वशम् (vaśam) - control, power, sway

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vaśa

vaśa - will, control, power, sway

Root: vaś (class 2)

Note: Used with āgatā to mean 'has come under control'.

आगता (āgatā) - has fallen (under the sway) (has come, arrived, obtained)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of āgata

āgata - come, arrived, obtained

Past Passive Participle

From root gam with prefix ā (to come)

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Acts as the main verb in a participial construction.