वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-57, verse-6

तमहं भ्रातरं दृष्ट्वा सूर्यरश्मिभिरर्दितम् ।
पक्षाभ्यं छादयामास स्नेहात् परमविह्वलम् ॥६॥

6. tamahaṃ bhrātaraṃ dṛṣṭvā sūryaraśmibhirarditam ,
pakṣābhyaṃ chādayāmāsa snehāt paramavihvalam.

6. tam aham bhrātaram dṛṣṭvā sūryaraśmibhiḥ arditam
pakṣābhyām chādayāmāsa snehāt paramavihvalam

6. tam aham bhrātaram dṛṣṭvā sūryaraśmibhiḥ arditam
pakṣābhyām chādayāmāsa snehāt paramavihvalam

6. Seeing my brother, afflicted by the sun's rays and exceedingly distraught, I covered him with my wings out of affection.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him (referring to Jaṭāyu) (him, that)

• अहम् (aham) - I (the speaker, Sampāti) (I)

• भ्रातरम् (bhrātaram) - my brother (Jaṭāyu) (brother)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen (having seen, after seeing)

• सूर्यरश्मिभिः (sūryaraśmibhiḥ) - by the sun's rays

• अर्दितम् (arditam) - afflicted (afflicted, tormented, oppressed)

• पक्षाभ्याम् (pakṣābhyām) - with my wings (with two wings)

• छादयामास (chādayāmāsa) - covered

• स्नेहात् (snehāt) - out of affection (out of affection, from love)

• परमविह्वलम् (paramavihvalam) - exceedingly distraught (exceedingly distraught, greatly agitated)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him (referring to Jaṭāyu) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭvā'.

अहम् (aham) - I (the speaker, Sampāti) (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Subject of the main verb.

भ्रातरम् (bhrātaram) - my brother (Jaṭāyu) (brother)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

Note: In apposition to 'tam'.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen (having seen, after seeing)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

from root dṛś- (to see)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Precedes the main action of covering.

सूर्यरश्मिभिः (sūryaraśmibhiḥ) - by the sun's rays

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sūryaraśmi

sūryaraśmi - sunbeam, sun's ray

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sūrya+raśmi)

• sūrya – the sun, the sun god
  noun (masculine)
• raśmi – ray, beam of light
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agent of 'arditam'.

अर्दितम् (arditam) - afflicted (afflicted, tormented, oppressed)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ardita

ardita - afflicted, tormented, pained

Past Passive Participle

from root ard- (to pain, hurt)

Root: ard (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'bhrātaram'.

पक्षाभ्याम् (pakṣābhyām) - with my wings (with two wings)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, dual of pakṣa

pakṣa - wing, side, party

Note: Instrument of 'chādayāmāsa'.

छादयामास (chādayāmāsa) - covered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of chādayāmāsa

Perfect

Third person singular, perfect tense, from the causative of root chad- (to cover). This is a periphrastic perfect formation.

Root: chad (class 10)

Note: Main verb of the sentence, conjugated for 'aham' (I).

स्नेहात् (snehāt) - out of affection (out of affection, from love)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of sneha

sneha - affection, love, oiliness, tenderness

Root: snih (class 4)

Note: Indicates the reason or cause for the action.

परमविह्वलम् (paramavihvalam) - exceedingly distraught (exceedingly distraught, greatly agitated)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of paramavihvala

paramavihvala - extremely agitated, greatly distressed

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (parama+vihvala)

• parama – supreme, highest, utmost, extreme
  adjective (masculine)
• vihvala – agitated, distressed, overcome, bewildered
  adjective (masculine)
  from root hvṛ (to bend) with prefix vi-
  Prefix: vi
  Root: hvṛ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'bhrātaram'.

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