वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-57, verse-14

रामस्य यदिदं कार्यं कर्तव्यं प्रथमं मया ।
जरया च हृतं तेजः प्राणाश्च शिथिला मम ॥१४॥

14. rāmasya yadidaṃ kāryaṃ kartavyaṃ prathamaṃ mayā ,
jarayā ca hṛtaṃ tejaḥ prāṇāśca śithilā mama.

14. rāmasya yat idam kāryam kartavyam prathamam mayā
jarayā ca hṛtam tejaḥ prāṇāḥ ca śithilā mama

14. This task of Rama, whatever it may be, should primarily be accomplished by me. But my vigor has been stolen by old age, and my vital breaths (prāṇa) are weak.

Words meanings summery:

• रामस्य (rāmasya) - of Rama

• यत् (yat) - whatever (which, whatever, that)

• इदम् (idam) - this

• कार्यम् (kāryam) - task (work, task, duty, to be done)

• कर्तव्यम् (kartavyam) - should primarily be accomplished (ought to be done, should be performed)

• प्रथमम् (prathamam) - primarily (first, primarily, at first)

• मया (mayā) - by me

• जरया (jarayā) - by old age (by old age, by decay)

• च (ca) - but (and)

• हृतम् (hṛtam) - stolen (taken away, stolen, carried off)

• तेजः (tejaḥ) - vigor (splendor, energy, vigor, brilliance)

• प्राणाः (prāṇāḥ) - vital breaths (prāṇa) (vital airs, breaths, life)

• च (ca) - and

• शिथिला (śithilā) - weak (loose, weak, slack, feeble)

• मम (mama) - my (my, of me)

Words meanings and morphology

रामस्य (rāmasya) - of Rama

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (a celebrated epic hero, incarnation of Vishnu)

यत् (yat) - whatever (which, whatever, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

Relative pronoun stem

Note: Refers to 'kāryam'.

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this

Demonstrative pronoun stem

Note: Refers to 'kāryam'.

कार्यम् (kāryam) - task (work, task, duty, to be done)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kārya

kārya - to be done, duty, work, effect

Gerundive (Potential Passive Participle)

Derived from root √kṛ (to do) with suffix -ya (ṇyat)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Functions as the subject of the passive construction.

कर्तव्यम् (kartavyam) - should primarily be accomplished (ought to be done, should be performed)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kartavya

kartavya - to be done, ought to be done, suitable to be done

Gerundive (Potential Passive Participle)

Derived from root √kṛ (to do) with suffix -tavya

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Predicative adjective for 'kāryam'.

प्रथमम् (prathamam) - primarily (first, primarily, at first)

(indeclinable)

Ordinal number

Root: prath (class 1)

Note: Adverbial use.

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

First person pronoun stem

Note: Agent in passive construction.

जरया (jarayā) - by old age (by old age, by decay)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of jarā

jarā - old age, decrepitude, decay

From root √jṝ (to wear out, decay)

Root: jṝ (class 9)

Note: Agent/cause of 'hṛtam'.

च (ca) - but (and)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

Note: Connects the two clauses, indicating a contrast.

हृतम् (hṛtam) - stolen (taken away, stolen, carried off)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of hṛta

hṛta - taken, stolen, carried away, deprived

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √hṛ (to take, to carry, to steal)

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Functions as part of a passive verbal phrase.

तेजः (tejaḥ) - vigor (splendor, energy, vigor, brilliance)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tejas

tejas - splendor, brilliance, energy, vigor, fiery spirit

From root √tij (to be sharp)

Root: tij

Note: Subject of the passive construction with 'hṛtam'.

प्राणाः (prāṇāḥ) - vital breaths (prāṇa) (vital airs, breaths, life)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prāṇa

prāṇa - breath, vital air, life, spirit

From √an (to breathe) with prefix 'pra'

Prefix: pra

Root: an (class 2)

Note: Subject.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

Note: Connects 'tejaḥ' and 'prāṇāḥ'.

शिथिला (śithilā) - weak (loose, weak, slack, feeble)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śithila

śithila - loose, relaxed, slack, weak, feeble

Root: śithil (class 10)

Note: Predicative adjective for 'prāṇāḥ'.

मम (mama) - my (my, of me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

First person pronoun stem

Note: Possessive pronoun for 'tejaḥ' and 'prāṇāḥ'.

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