वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-57, verse-18

तां तु सीतामहं मन्ये रामस्य परिकीर्तनात् ।
श्रूयतां मे कथयतो निलयं तस्य रक्षसः ॥१८॥

18. tāṃ tu sītāmahaṃ manye rāmasya parikīrtanāt ,
śrūyatāṃ me kathayato nilayaṃ tasya rakṣasaḥ.

18. tām tu sītām aham manye rāmasya parikīrtanāt
śrūyatām me kathayataḥ nilayam tasya rakṣasaḥ

18. rāmasya parikīrtanāt tu tām sītām aham manye.
me kathayataḥ tasya rakṣasaḥ nilayam śrūyatām.

18. Because she repeatedly called out Rama's name, I believe she was Sita. Now, listen to me as I describe the dwelling of that demon.

Words meanings summery:

• ताम् (tām) - her (Sita) (that, her)

• तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, however)

• सीताम् (sītām) - Sita (the name) (Sita)

• अहम् (aham) - I (the speaker) (I)

• मन्ये (manye) - I believe (I think, I believe, I consider)

• रामस्य (rāmasya) - Rama's (of Rama)

• परिकीर्तनात् (parikīrtanāt) - from her repeatedly calling out (his name) (from the proclamation, from the mention)

• श्रूयताम् (śrūyatām) - listen (imperative, passive) (let it be heard)

• मे (me) - from me (as the speaker) (by me, to me, my)

• कथयतः (kathayataḥ) - as I speak (of me speaking) (speaking, telling, narrating)

• निलयम् (nilayam) - dwelling place (dwelling, abode, home)

• तस्य (tasya) - of that (demon) (of that, his)

• रक्षसः (rakṣasaḥ) - of the demon

Words meanings and morphology

ताम् (tām) - her (Sita) (that, her)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, he, it (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Object of manye, refers to Sita.

तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

Note: Null for gender, number, case, person, tense_mode, lakara, voice for indeclinables.

सीताम् (sītām) - Sita (the name) (Sita)

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sītā

sītā - Sita (wife of Rama)

Note: Object of manye.

अहम् (aham) - I (the speaker) (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we (first person pronoun)

First person pronoun.

Note: Subject of manye.

मन्ये (manye) - I believe (I think, I believe, I consider)

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of man

Present Indicative

Root man (class 4, Atmanepada), present stem manye.

Root: man (class 4)

Note: The middle voice is characteristic of this root for 'to think'.

रामस्य (rāmasya) - Rama's (of Rama)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (a personal name)

Note: Possessive of parikīrtanāt.

परिकीर्तनात् (parikīrtanāt) - from her repeatedly calling out (his name) (from the proclamation, from the mention)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of parikīrtana

parikīrtana - repeated mention, proclamation, celebration

From pari-kīrt (to proclaim, mention frequently) + ana suffix.

Prefix: pari

Root: kīrt (class 10)

Note: Denotes the reason for believing.

श्रूयताम् (śrūyatām) - listen (imperative, passive) (let it be heard)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, imperative (loṭ) of śru

Imperative Passive

Root śru (class 5, Parasmaipada), passive stem śrūya.

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Passive construction: "let it be heard (by you)."

मे (me) - from me (as the speaker) (by me, to me, my)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we (first person pronoun)

First person pronoun.

Note: Used as agent in passive construction ("by me") or possessive of the following participle.

कथयतः (kathayataḥ) - as I speak (of me speaking) (speaking, telling, narrating)

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kathayat

kathayat - speaking, narrating (present participle of kath)

Present Active Participle

Derived from root kath (class 10, Parasmaipada) + śatṛ suffix.

Root: kath (class 10)

Note: Agrees with me (which acts as a genitive agent).

निलयम् (nilayam) - dwelling place (dwelling, abode, home)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nilaya

nilaya - dwelling, abode, nest, resting place

From ni-lī (to lie down, disappear) + a suffix.

Prefix: ni

Root: lī (class 4)

Note: Object of śrūyatām (what is to be heard).

तस्य (tasya) - of that (demon) (of that, his)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Possessive of rakṣasaḥ and nilayam.

रक्षसः (rakṣasaḥ) - of the demon

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rakṣas

rakṣas - demon, evil spirit

From root rakṣ (to protect, but also demon).

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

Note: Possessive modifier for nilayam.

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