वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-57, verse-3

वृद्धभावादपक्षत्वाच्छृण्वंस्तदपि मर्षये ।
न हि मे शक्तिरद्यास्ति भ्रातुर्वैरविमोक्षणे ॥३॥

3. vṛddhabhāvādapakṣatvācchṛṇvaṃstadapi marṣaye ,
na hi me śaktiradyāsti bhrāturvairavimokṣaṇe.

3. vṛddha-bhāvāt apakṣatvāt śṛṇvan tat api marṣaye
na hi me śaktiḥ adya asti bhrātuḥ vaira-vimokṣaṇe

3. vṛddha-bhāvāt apakṣatvāt śṛṇvan tat api marṣaye
hi adya me bhrātuḥ vaira-vimokṣaṇe śaktiḥ na asti

3. Due to my old age and being wingless, I simply endure hearing that (news about my brother). For, I do not possess the strength now to avenge my brother's wrong.

Words meanings summery:

• वृद्ध-भावात् (vṛddha-bhāvāt) - due to old age, because of being old

• अपक्षत्वात् (apakṣatvāt) - due to being wingless, because of not having wings

• शृण्वन् (śṛṇvan) - hearing, while hearing

• तत् (tat) - that, it

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• मर्षये (marṣaye) - I endure, I tolerate

• न (na) - not

• हि (hi) - for, indeed, because

• मे (me) - my, to me, for me

• शक्तिः (śaktiḥ) - strength, power, capability

• अद्य (adya) - today, now

• अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

• भ्रातुः (bhrātuḥ) - of the brother

• वैर-विमोक्षणे (vaira-vimokṣaṇe) - in avenging my brother's wrong (in avenging the enmity, in settling the grievance)

Words meanings and morphology

वृद्ध-भावात् (vṛddha-bhāvāt) - due to old age, because of being old

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of vṛddha-bhāva

vṛddha-bhāva - state of old age, old age

Tatpuruṣa compound: `vṛddha` (old) + `bhāva` (state).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vṛddha+bhāva)

• vṛddha – old, aged, grown
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `vṛdh`.
  Root: vṛdh (class 1)
• bhāva – state, condition, existence
  noun (masculine)
  From root `bhū`.
  Root: bhū (class 1)

अपक्षत्वात् (apakṣatvāt) - due to being wingless, because of not having wings

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of apakṣatva

apakṣatva - state of being wingless, winglessness

Compound formed with `a` (not), `pakṣa` (wing), and `tva` (abstract noun suffix).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (a+pakṣa+tva)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• pakṣa – wing, side, party
  noun (masculine)
• tva – -(ness), state of being
  suffix (neuter)
  Suffix forming abstract nouns.

शृण्वन् (śṛṇvan) - hearing, while hearing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śṛṇvat

śṛṇvat - hearing, listening

present active participle

From root `śru` with suffix `śatṛ`.

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Modifies the implicit subject 'I'.

तत् (tat) - that, it

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it, he, she

Note: Refers to the news about Jaṭāyu's death.

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

Note: Conveys emphasis, 'even though hearing it'.

मर्षये (marṣaye) - I endure, I tolerate

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of mṛṣ

present active indicative

1st person singular, present tense, active voice (Ātmanepada ending).

Root: mṛṣ (class 10)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - for, indeed, because

(indeclinable)

मे (me) - my, to me, for me

(pronoun)

singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

शक्तिः (śaktiḥ) - strength, power, capability

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śakti

śakti - strength, power, faculty, energy (śakti)

From root `śak` (to be able).

Root: śak (class 5)

Note: Subject of `asti`.

अद्य (adya) - today, now

(indeclinable)

अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

present active indicative

3rd person singular, present tense, active voice.

Root: as (class 2)

भ्रातुः (bhrātuḥ) - of the brother

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

वैर-विमोक्षणे (vaira-vimokṣaṇe) - in avenging my brother's wrong (in avenging the enmity, in settling the grievance)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vaira-vimokṣaṇa

vaira-vimokṣaṇa - avenging enmity, settling grievance, retaliation

Tatpuruṣa compound: `vaira` (enmity) + `vimokṣaṇa` (releasing, avenging).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vaira+vimokṣaṇa)

• vaira – enmity, hostility, revenge
  noun (neuter)
• vimokṣaṇa – releasing, freeing, avenging, making good
  noun (neuter)
  causative verbal noun
  From root `muc` with `vi` prefix and `ṇic` (causative) + `lyuṭ` (noun suffix).
  Prefix: vi
  Root: muc (class 6)

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