वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-57, verse-28

गर्हितं तु कृतं कर्म येन स्म पिशिताशनाः ।
इहस्थो ऽहं प्रपश्यामि रावणं जानकीं तथा ॥२८॥

28. garhitaṃ tu kṛtaṃ karma yena sma piśitāśanāḥ ,
ihastho'haṃ prapaśyāmi rāvaṇaṃ jānakīṃ tathā.

28. garhitam tu kṛtam karma yena sma piśitāśanāḥ
ihasthaḥ aham prapaśyāmi rāvaṇam jānakīm tathā

28. yena piśitāśanāḥ kṛtam garhitam tu karma sma
ihasthaḥ aham rāvaṇam jānakīm tathā prapaśyāmi

28. Indeed, the reprehensible act (karma) was committed by the flesh-eaters. From my position here, I clearly see Rāvaṇa and Jānakī.

Words meanings summery:

• गर्हितम् (garhitam) - reprehensible (condemned, reprehensible, censured, blamable)

• तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, on the other hand, however)

• कृतम् (kṛtam) - committed, done (done, made, performed, created)

• कर्म (karma) - act (karma), deed (specifically, the abduction of Sītā) (action, deed, work, ritual, destiny)

• येन (yena) - by whom (referring to the flesh-eaters) (by whom, by which)

• स्म (sma) - indeed, (indicating past state with piśitāśanāḥ) (indeed, certainly; particle for past tense)

• पिशिताशनाः (piśitāśanāḥ) - flesh-eaters (referring to Rāvaṇa and his race) (flesh-eaters, cannibals, demons (rākṣasas))

• इहस्थः (ihasthaḥ) - from my position here (standing here, being here)

• अहम् (aham) - I (the speaker, a Vanara) (I)

• प्रपश्यामि (prapaśyāmi) - I clearly see (I see clearly, I behold, I perceive)

• रावणम् (rāvaṇam) - Rāvaṇa (the demon king of Laṅkā) (Rāvaṇa (proper noun))

• जानकीम् (jānakīm) - Jānakī (Sītā, daughter of Janaka) (Jānakī (proper noun))

• तथा (tathā) - and, also (thus, so, in that manner, and, also)

Words meanings and morphology

गर्हितम् (garhitam) - reprehensible (condemned, reprehensible, censured, blamable)

(adjective)

neuter, singular of garhita

garhita - censured, blamed, reprehensible, despicable

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √garh (to blame, censure) with suffix kta.

Root: √garh (class 1)

तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, on the other hand, however)

(indeclinable)

कृतम् (kṛtam) - committed, done (done, made, performed, created)

(adjective)

neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed, accomplished

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √kṛ (to do, make) with suffix kta.

Root: √kṛ (class 8)

कर्म (karma) - act (karma), deed (specifically, the abduction of Sītā) (action, deed, work, ritual, destiny)

(noun)

neuter, singular of karma

karma - action, deed, work, ritual action, fate, destiny

Derived from root √kṛ (to do, make) with suffix man.

Root: √kṛ (class 8)

येन (yena) - by whom (referring to the flesh-eaters) (by whom, by which)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what, that

स्म (sma) - indeed, (indicating past state with piśitāśanāḥ) (indeed, certainly; particle for past tense)

(indeclinable)

पिशिताशनाः (piśitāśanāḥ) - flesh-eaters (referring to Rāvaṇa and his race) (flesh-eaters, cannibals, demons (rākṣasas))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of piśitāśana

piśitāśana - flesh-eater, cannibal, demon, rākṣasa

Compound of piśita (flesh) and āśana (eater).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (piśita+āśana)

• piśita – flesh, meat
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √piś (to cut, to carve)
  Root: √piś (class 7)
• āśana – eating, food, eater
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root √aś (to eat)
  Root: √aś (class 9)

इहस्थः (ihasthaḥ) - from my position here (standing here, being here)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ihastha

ihastha - standing here, being here, present here

Compound of iha (here) and stha (standing).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (iha+stha)

• iha – here, in this world, in this case
  indeclinable
• stha – standing, staying, situated in
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent Noun / Primary Nominal Derivative
  Derived from root √sthā (to stand) with suffix -a.
  Root: √sthā (class 1)

अहम् (aham) - I (the speaker, a Vanara) (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

प्रपश्यामि (prapaśyāmi) - I clearly see (I see clearly, I behold, I perceive)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of prapaś

Present Active Indicative

pra (prefix) + √dṛś (root, changed to paś in present stem)

Prefix: pra

Root: √dṛś (class 1)

रावणम् (rāvaṇam) - Rāvaṇa (the demon king of Laṅkā) (Rāvaṇa (proper noun))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Rāvaṇa (the name of the chief of the Rākṣasas)

जानकीम् (jānakīm) - Jānakī (Sītā, daughter of Janaka) (Jānakī (proper noun))

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of jānakī

jānakī - Jānakī (epithet of Sītā, daughter of Janaka)

Derived from janaka (Janaka) with suffix ī meaning 'daughter of'.

तथा (tathā) - and, also (thus, so, in that manner, and, also)

(indeclinable)

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