वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-57, verse-2

यवीयान्मम स भ्राता जटायुर्नाम वानराः ।
यमाख्यात हतं युद्धे रावणेन बलीयसा ॥२॥

2. yavīyānmama sa bhrātā jaṭāyurnāma vānarāḥ ,
yamākhyāta hataṃ yuddhe rāvaṇena balīyasā.

2. yavīyān mama sa bhrātā jaṭāyuḥ nāma vānarāḥ
yam ākhyāta hatam yuddhe rāvaṇena balīyasā

2. vānarāḥ sa mama yavīyān bhrātā jaṭāyuḥ nāma
yam yuddhe balīyasā rāvaṇena hatam ākhyāta

2. O monkeys, he was my younger brother named Jaṭāyu, whom you just mentioned as having been killed in battle by the mighty Rāvaṇa.

Words meanings summery:

• यवीयान् (yavīyān) - younger, younger one

• मम (mama) - my, of me

• स (sa) - he, that

• भ्राता (bhrātā) - brother

• जटायुः (jaṭāyuḥ) - Jaṭāyu (name of a vulture)

• नाम (nāma) - by name, indeed, namely

• वानराः (vānarāḥ) - O monkeys!

• यम् (yam) - whom

• आख्यात (ākhyāta) - you (monkeys) just mentioned (you (plural) said, you narrated)

• हतम् (hatam) - killed, slain

• युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle, in war

• रावणेन (rāvaṇena) - by Rāvaṇa

• बलीयसा (balīyasā) - by the more powerful, by the very strong one

Words meanings and morphology

यवीयान् (yavīyān) - younger, younger one

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yuvani

yuvani - young, youthful, junior

comparative degree suffix `īyas`

Derived from `yuvan` with comparative suffix `īyas`.

मम (mama) - my, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

स (sa) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Jaṭāyu.

भ्राता (bhrātā) - brother

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

जटायुः (jaṭāyuḥ) - Jaṭāyu (name of a vulture)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jaṭāyu

jaṭāyu - Jaṭāyu (proper name of a powerful vulture in the Rāmāyaṇa)

नाम (nāma) - by name, indeed, namely

(indeclinable)

Used here as an indeclinable particle to specify a name.

वानराः (vānarāḥ) - O monkeys!

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, plural of vānara

vānara - monkey, ape

यम् (yam) - whom

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

आख्यात (ākhyāta) - you (monkeys) just mentioned (you (plural) said, you narrated)

(verb)

2nd person , plural, active, perfect/aorist (liṭ/luṅ) of ā-khyā

perfect active indicative / aorist active indicative

2nd person plural, perfect or aorist tense, active voice, with upasarga `ā`.

Prefix: ā

Root: khyā (class 2)

हतम् (hatam) - killed, slain

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - killed, slain, struck, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

From root `han` with suffix `kta`.

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Predicative adjective for `yam` (Jaṭāyu).

युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

Past Passive Participle (substantivized)

From root `yudh` with suffix `kta`, then used as a noun.

Root: yudh (class 4)

रावणेन (rāvaṇena) - by Rāvaṇa

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Rāvaṇa (name of the demon king)

Note: Agent of `hatam`.

बलीयसा (balīyasā) - by the more powerful, by the very strong one

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of balīyas

balīyas - stronger, more powerful, very powerful

comparative degree suffix `īyas`

Derived from `bala` with comparative suffix `īyas`.

Note: Agrees with `rāvaṇena`.

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