वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-57, verse-10

अदीर्घदर्शिनं तं वा रावणं राक्षसाधिपम् ।
अन्तिके यदि वा दूरे यदि जानासि शंस नः ॥१०॥

10. adīrghadarśinaṃ taṃ vā rāvaṇaṃ rākṣasādhipam ,
antike yadi vā dūre yadi jānāsi śaṃsa naḥ.

10. adīrghadarśinam tam vā rāvaṇam rākṣasādhipam
antike yadi vā dūre yadi jānāsi śaṃsa naḥ

10. yadi tam adīrghadarśinam vā rāvaṇam
rākṣasādhipam antike vā dūre jānāsi naḥ śaṃsa

10. If you know that short-sighted Rāvaṇa, the lord of Rākṣasas, tell us whether he is near or far.

Words meanings summery:

• अदीर्घदर्शिनम् (adīrghadarśinam) - short-sighted (Rāvaṇa) (not far-seeing, short-sighted, lacking foresight)

• तम् (tam) - him (Rāvaṇa) (him, that)

• वा (vā) - used to link attributes of Rāvaṇa (or, and)

• रावणम् (rāvaṇam) - Rāvaṇa (the demon king, object of knowledge) (Rāvaṇa)

• राक्षसाधिपम् (rākṣasādhipam) - lord of Rākṣasas (Rāvaṇa) (lord of Rākṣasas, chief of demons)

• अन्तिके (antike) - whether he is near (near, nearby)

• यदि (yadi) - introduces the 'near or far' condition (if)

• वा (vā) - introduces a choice between two locations (or)

• दूरे (dūre) - whether he is far (far, at a distance)

• यदि (yadi) - if

• जानासि (jānāsi) - you know

• शंस (śaṁsa) - tell (to Aṅgada and Vanaras) (tell, declare, inform)

• नः (naḥ) - to us (the Vanaras, including Aṅgada) (to us, for us)

Words meanings and morphology

अदीर्घदर्शिनम् (adīrghadarśinam) - short-sighted (Rāvaṇa) (not far-seeing, short-sighted, lacking foresight)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of adīrghadarśin

adīrghadarśin - not far-seeing, short-sighted, lacking foresight

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+dīrghadarśin)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• dīrghadarśin – far-seeing, sagacious, having foresight
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from dīrgha (long) and darśin (seeing, from dṛś).
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

तम् (tam) - him (Rāvaṇa) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

वा (vā) - used to link attributes of Rāvaṇa (or, and)

(indeclinable)

रावणम् (rāvaṇam) - Rāvaṇa (the demon king, object of knowledge) (Rāvaṇa)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - name of the demon king of Laṅkā, abductor of Sītā

राक्षसाधिपम् (rākṣasādhipam) - lord of Rākṣasas (Rāvaṇa) (lord of Rākṣasas, chief of demons)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rākṣasādhipa

rākṣasādhipa - lord/chief of Rākṣasas (demons)

Compound type : tatpurusha (rākṣasa+adhipa)

• rākṣasa – demon, Rākṣasa
  noun (masculine)
• adhipa – lord, ruler, master
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from 'adhi-pā' (to protect, to rule).
  Prefix: adhi
  Root: pā (class 2)

अन्तिके (antike) - whether he is near (near, nearby)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of antika

antika - near, proximity, vicinity

यदि (yadi) - introduces the 'near or far' condition (if)

(indeclinable)

वा (vā) - introduces a choice between two locations (or)

(indeclinable)

दूरे (dūre) - whether he is far (far, at a distance)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of dūra

dūra - far, distant, remote

यदि (yadi) - if

(indeclinable)

जानासि (jānāsi) - you know

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of jñā

Present tense

2nd person singular, present active

Root: jñā (class 9)

शंस (śaṁsa) - tell (to Aṅgada and Vanaras) (tell, declare, inform)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of śaṃs

Imperative mood

2nd person singular, imperative active

Root: śaṃs (class 1)

नः (naḥ) - to us (the Vanaras, including Aṅgada) (to us, for us)

(pronoun)

Dative, plural of aham

aham - I, me (pronoun)

Note: Enclitic form of plural dative/genitive. Here, dative (to us).

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