वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-38, verse-34

कुर्वाणा बहुशब्दांश्च प्रहृष्टा बलशालिनः ।
शिरोभिर्वानरेन्द्राय सुग्रीवाय न्यवेदयन् ॥३४॥

34. kurvāṇā bahuśabdāṃśca prahṛṣṭā balaśālinaḥ ,
śirobhirvānarendrāya sugrīvāya nyavedayan.

34. kurvāṇāḥ bahuśabdān ca prahṛṣṭāḥ balaśālinaḥ
śirobhiḥ vānarendrāya sugrīvāya nyavedayan

34. bahuśabdān kurvāṇāḥ ca prahṛṣṭāḥ balaśālinaḥ
te śirobhiḥ vānarendrāya sugrīvāya nyavedayan

34. Making many sounds, joyful and mighty, they bowed their heads to Sugrīva, the king of monkeys (vānara).

Words meanings summery:

• कुर्वाणाः (kurvāṇāḥ) - the monkeys making many sounds. (making, doing)

• बहुशब्दान् (bahuśabdān) - the various loud noises made by the monkeys. (many sounds, loud noises)

• च (ca) - connects 'making many sounds' with the other attributes of the monkeys. (and, also)

• प्रहृष्टाः (prahṛṣṭāḥ) - the monkeys being joyful at Sugrīva's presence or their mission. (delighted, joyful, thrilled)

• बलशालिनः (balaśālinaḥ) - the monkeys being mighty warriors. (mighty, powerful, strong)

• शिरोभिः (śirobhiḥ) - bowing with their heads, as a gesture of reverence. (with heads)

• वानररेन्द्राय (vānararendrāya) - to Sugrīva, who is the king of the monkeys (vānara). (to the chief of monkeys, to the monkey king)

• सुग्रीवाय (sugrīvāya) - to Sugrīva, the monkey king. (to Sugrīva (a proper name))

• न्यवेदयन् (nyavedayan) - they offered their respects and service to Sugrīva by bowing their heads. (they reported, they offered, they announced)

Words meanings and morphology

कुर्वाणाः (kurvāṇāḥ) - the monkeys making many sounds. (making, doing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kurvāṇa

kurvāṇa - making, doing, performing

Present Middle Participle

Derived from root kṛ (to do, make).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Qualifies the implied subjects (monkeys).

बहुशब्दान् (bahuśabdān) - the various loud noises made by the monkeys. (many sounds, loud noises)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bahuśabda

bahuśabda - many sounds, loud noise, clamor

Compound type : karmadhāraya (bahu+śabda)

• bahu – many, much, numerous
  adjective (masculine)
• śabda – sound, noise, word
  noun (masculine)

च (ca) - connects 'making many sounds' with the other attributes of the monkeys. (and, also)

(indeclinable)

प्रहृष्टाः (prahṛṣṭāḥ) - the monkeys being joyful at Sugrīva's presence or their mission. (delighted, joyful, thrilled)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prahṛṣṭa

prahṛṣṭa - delighted, joyful, thrilled, excited

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root hṛṣ (to be excited, rejoice) with prefix pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: hṛṣ (class 4)

Note: Qualifies the implied subjects (monkeys).

बलशालिनः (balaśālinaḥ) - the monkeys being mighty warriors. (mighty, powerful, strong)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of balaśālin

balaśālin - mighty, powerful, strong, endowed with strength

Derived from bala (strength) + -śālin (possessive suffix).

Compound type : tatpurusha (bala+śālin)

• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)
• śālin – possessing, endowed with, eminent in
  adjective (masculine)
  Suffix indicating possession or excellence.

Note: Qualifies the implied subjects (monkeys).

शिरोभिः (śirobhiḥ) - bowing with their heads, as a gesture of reverence. (with heads)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of śiras

śiras - head, top, peak

वानररेन्द्राय (vānararendrāya) - to Sugrīva, who is the king of the monkeys (vānara). (to the chief of monkeys, to the monkey king)

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of vānaréndra

vānaréndra - chief of monkeys, king of monkeys

Compound type : tatpurusha (vānara+indra)

• vānara – monkey, ape
  noun (masculine)
• indra – chief, lord, king (here, as a suffix meaning 'chief')
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Sugrīva.

सुग्रीवाय (sugrīvāya) - to Sugrīva, the monkey king. (to Sugrīva (a proper name))

(proper noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of sugrīva

sugrīva - Sugrīva (lit. 'one with a beautiful neck'), king of the monkeys

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+grīva)

• su – good, well, beautiful
  indeclinable
• grīva – neck
  noun (masculine)

न्यवेदयन् (nyavedayan) - they offered their respects and service to Sugrīva by bowing their heads. (they reported, they offered, they announced)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of nyavedayan

Imperfect

Root vid (to know, inform) in causative (vedaya) with prefix ni. Third person plural, active voice.

Prefix: ni

Root: vid (class 4)