वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-38, verse-29

ततो यूथपतिर्वीरो दुर्मुखो नाम वानरः ।
प्रत्यदृश्यत कोटिभ्यां द्वाभ्यां परिवृतो बली ॥२९॥

29. tato yūthapatirvīro durmukho nāma vānaraḥ ,
pratyadṛśyata koṭibhyāṃ dvābhyāṃ parivṛto balī.

29. tataḥ yūthapatiḥ vīraḥ durmukhaḥ nāma vānaraḥ
pratyadṛśyata koṭibhyām dvābhyām parivṛtaḥ balī

29. tataḥ balī vīraḥ durmukhaḥ nāma yūthapatiḥ
vānaraḥ dvābhyām koṭibhyām parivṛtaḥ pratyadṛśyata

29. Then, the valiant and mighty monkey chief named Durmukha appeared, accompanied by two crores (of monkeys).

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, afterwards (then, therefrom, afterwards)

• यूथपतिः (yūthapatiḥ) - monkey chief (chief of a troop, leader of a host)

• वीरः (vīraḥ) - valiant, heroic (valiant, heroic, mighty)

• दुर्मुखः (durmukhaḥ) - Durmukha (name of a monkey chief) (Durmukha (name), foul-mouthed, grim-faced)

• नाम (nāma) - named (indicating a proper name) (name, by name, indeed)

• वानरः (vānaraḥ) - monkey

• प्रत्यदृश्यत (pratyadṛśyata) - appeared (was seen, appeared)

• कोटिभ्याम् (koṭibhyām) - by two crores (of followers) (by two crores, with two crores)

• द्वाभ्याम् (dvābhyām) - by two (referring to crores) (by two (feminine/neuter dual instrumental))

• परिवृतः (parivṛtaḥ) - accompanied, surrounded (surrounded, encircled, accompanied)

• बली (balī) - mighty, powerful (mighty, powerful, strong)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, afterwards (then, therefrom, afterwards)

(indeclinable)

indeclinable adverb derived from pronominal base 'tad'

यूथपतिः (yūthapatiḥ) - monkey chief (chief of a troop, leader of a host)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yūthapati

yūthapati - chief of a troop, leader of a host/band

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yūtha+pati)

• yūtha – troop, host, herd, band
  noun (neuter)
• pati – master, lord, chief
  noun (masculine)

वीरः (vīraḥ) - valiant, heroic (valiant, heroic, mighty)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīra

vīra - hero, valiant, brave, mighty

Note: Agrees with `yūthapatiḥ` and `durmukhaḥ`.

दुर्मुखः (durmukhaḥ) - Durmukha (name of a monkey chief) (Durmukha (name), foul-mouthed, grim-faced)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of durmukha

durmukha - Durmukha (proper name); foul-mouthed; grim-faced

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dur+mukha)

• dur – bad, evil, difficult
  indeclinable
  prefix
• mukha – face, mouth, entrance
  noun (neuter)

नाम (nāma) - named (indicating a proper name) (name, by name, indeed)

(indeclinable)

originally neuter nominative singular of `nāman`, used adverbially

Note: Used here adverbially to mean 'named'.

वानरः (vānaraḥ) - monkey

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vānara

vānara - monkey, ape

Note: Agrees with `yūthapatiḥ` and `durmukhaḥ`.

प्रत्यदृश्यत (pratyadṛśyata) - appeared (was seen, appeared)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of dṛś

Imperfect (Laṅ) Middle Voice 3rd Person Singular of `dṛś` with prefix `prati-`

Prefix: prati

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Meaning 'he was seen' or 'he appeared'.

कोटिभ्याम् (koṭibhyām) - by two crores (of followers) (by two crores, with two crores)

(noun)

feminine, dual of koṭi

koṭi - a crore (ten million), the end, tip

Note: Instrumental dual, indicating accompaniment. It literally means 'by two crores'.

द्वाभ्याम् (dvābhyām) - by two (referring to crores) (by two (feminine/neuter dual instrumental))

(pronoun)

feminine, dual of dvi

dvi - two

Note: Agrees with `koṭibhyām` in gender, number, and case.

परिवृतः (parivṛtaḥ) - accompanied, surrounded (surrounded, encircled, accompanied)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parivṛta

parivṛta - surrounded, encircled, covered, accompanied

Past Passive Participle

derived from root `vṛ` (to cover, surround) with prefix `pari-`

Prefix: pari

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: masculine singular nominative agreeing with `durmukhaḥ`.

बली (balī) - mighty, powerful (mighty, powerful, strong)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of balin

balin - mighty, powerful, strong

possessive adjective from `bala` (strength)

Note: Agrees with `durmukhaḥ`.