वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-38, verse-31

नलश्चापि महावीर्यः संवृतो द्रुमवासिभिः ।
कोटीशतेन संप्राप्तः सहस्रेण शतेन च ॥३१॥

31. nalaścāpi mahāvīryaḥ saṃvṛto drumavāsibhiḥ ,
koṭīśatena saṃprāptaḥ sahasreṇa śatena ca.

31. nalaḥ ca api mahāvīryaḥ saṃvṛtaḥ drumavāsibhiḥ
koṭi-śatena samprāptaḥ sahasreṇa śatena ca

31. ca api mahāvīryaḥ nalaḥ drumavāsibhiḥ koṭiśatena
sahasreṇa śatena ca saṃvṛtaḥ samprāptaḥ

31. And Nala, the greatly valorous, arrived, accompanied by tree-dwelling monkeys, numbering a hundred crores, a thousand, and a hundred.

Words meanings summery:

• नलः (nalaḥ) - Nala, the monkey chief (Nala (name of a monkey chief, son of Vishvakarma))

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

• महावीर्यः (mahāvīryaḥ) - greatly valorous (greatly valorous, very mighty)

• संवृतः (saṁvṛtaḥ) - accompanied, surrounded (surrounded, accompanied, covered)

• द्रुमवासिभिः (drumavāsibhiḥ) - by tree-dwelling monkeys (by tree-dwellers, by monkeys)

• कोटि-शतेन (koṭi-śatena) - by a host of a hundred crores (of monkeys) (by a hundred crores (one billion))

• सम्प्राप्तः (samprāptaḥ) - arrived (arrived, reached, attained)

• सहस्रेण (sahasreṇa) - by a thousand (monkeys) (by a thousand)

• शतेन (śatena) - by a hundred (monkeys) (by a hundred)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

Words meanings and morphology

नलः (nalaḥ) - Nala, the monkey chief (Nala (name of a monkey chief, son of Vishvakarma))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nala

nala - Nala (proper name of a monkey chief); a kind of reed

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

महावीर्यः (mahāvīryaḥ) - greatly valorous (greatly valorous, very mighty)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāvīrya

mahāvīrya - greatly valorous, very mighty, of great energy

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+vīrya)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• vīrya – valor, strength, energy, prowess
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with `nalaḥ`.

संवृतः (saṁvṛtaḥ) - accompanied, surrounded (surrounded, accompanied, covered)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃvṛta

saṁvṛta - surrounded, accompanied, covered, concealed

Past Passive Participle

derived from root `vṛ` (to cover, surround) with prefix `sam-`

Prefix: sam

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: masculine singular nominative agreeing with `nalaḥ`.

द्रुमवासिभिः (drumavāsibhiḥ) - by tree-dwelling monkeys (by tree-dwellers, by monkeys)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of drumavāsin

drumavāsin - tree-dweller, an ape or monkey

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (druma+vāsin)

• druma – tree
  noun (masculine)
• vāsin – dweller, inhabitant (suffix)
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun from `vas` (to dwell)
  Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Instrumental plural, indicating accompaniment.

कोटि-शतेन (koṭi-śatena) - by a host of a hundred crores (of monkeys) (by a hundred crores (one billion))

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of koṭiśata

koṭiśata - a hundred crores (1,000,000,000)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (koṭi+śata)

• koṭi – a crore (ten million), the end, tip
  noun (feminine)
• śata – a hundred
  noun (neuter)

Note: Instrumental case indicating accompaniment.

सम्प्राप्तः (samprāptaḥ) - arrived (arrived, reached, attained)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samprāpta

samprāpta - arrived, reached, attained

Past Passive Participle

derived from root `āp` (to obtain) with prefixes `sam-pra-`

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: masculine singular nominative agreeing with `nalaḥ`.

सहस्रेण (sahasreṇa) - by a thousand (monkeys) (by a thousand)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of sahasra

sahasra - a thousand

Note: Instrumental case indicating accompaniment.

शतेन (śatena) - by a hundred (monkeys) (by a hundred)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of śata

śata - a hundred

Note: Instrumental case indicating accompaniment.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)