वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-38, verse-22

दरीमुखश्च बलवान्यूथपो ऽभ्याययौ तदा ।
वृतः कोटिसहस्रेण सुग्रीवं समुपस्थितः ॥२२॥

22. darīmukhaśca balavānyūthapo'bhyāyayau tadā ,
vṛtaḥ koṭisahasreṇa sugrīvaṃ samupasthitaḥ.

22. darīmukhaḥ ca balavān yūthapaḥ abhyāyayau tadā
vṛtaḥ koṭisahasreṇa sugrīvaṃ samupasthitaḥ

22. ca tadā बलवान् यूथपः darīmukhaḥ koṭisahasreṇa
vṛtaḥ abhyāyayau sugrīvaṃ samupasthitaḥ

22. And then, the powerful commander Darīmukha came forward, accompanied by a thousand crores (ten billion), and approached Sugriva.

Words meanings summery:

• दरीमुखः (darīmukhaḥ) - Darīmukha (name of a monkey commander) (Darīmukha)

• च (ca) - and

• बलवान् (balavān) - (Darīmukha) who was powerful (powerful, strong)

• यूथपः (yūthapaḥ) - commander of a monkey troop (commander of a troop, chief of a band)

• अभ्याययौ (abhyāyayau) - (Darīmukha) approached (he came towards, he approached)

• तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

• वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - accompanied by (a thousand crores) (surrounded, accompanied, covered)

• कोटिसहस्रेण (koṭisahasreṇa) - by a thousand crores (of monkey warriors) (by a thousand crores)

• सुग्रीवं (sugrīvaṁ) - to Sugrīva (the king of monkeys) (to Sugrīva)

• समुपस्थितः (samupasthitaḥ) - (Darīmukha) having approached Sugrīva (approached, presented himself, stood near)

Words meanings and morphology

दरीमुखः (darīmukhaḥ) - Darīmukha (name of a monkey commander) (Darīmukha)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of darīmukha

darīmukha - Darīmukha (proper noun); having a cave-like mouth

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (darī+mukha)

• darī – cave, grotto
  noun (feminine)
• mukha – mouth, face, opening
  noun (neuter)

Note: Subject of 'abhyāyayau'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects this verse's subject with previous ones.

बलवान् (balavān) - (Darīmukha) who was powerful (powerful, strong)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of balavat

balavat - powerful, mighty, strong, vigorous

Possessive suffix mat/vat.

Note: Qualifies 'darīmukhaḥ'.

यूथपः (yūthapaḥ) - commander of a monkey troop (commander of a troop, chief of a band)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yūthapa

yūthapa - commander of a troop, chief of a band

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yūtha+pa)

• yūtha – troop, multitude, herd, band
  noun (neuter)
• pa – protector, guardian, keeper
  noun (masculine)
  From root pā (to protect).
  Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Appositive to 'darīmukhaḥ'.

अभ्याययौ (abhyāyayau) - (Darīmukha) approached (he came towards, he approached)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of i

perfect active indicative 3rd singular

From root i (to go) with prefixes abhi and ā.

Prefixes: abhi+ā

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

Adverb derived from tad.

Note: Temporal adverb.

वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - accompanied by (a thousand crores) (surrounded, accompanied, covered)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛta

vṛta - surrounded, encompassed, covered, chosen

Past Passive Participle

From root vṛ (to cover, encompass, choose).

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'darīmukhaḥ'.

कोटिसहस्रेण (koṭisahasreṇa) - by a thousand crores (of monkey warriors) (by a thousand crores)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of koṭisahasra

koṭisahasra - a thousand crores (ten billion)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (koṭi+sahasra)

• koṭi – crore (ten million)
  noun (feminine)
• sahasra – thousand
  numeral (neuter)

Note: Agent of 'vṛtaḥ'.

सुग्रीवं (sugrīvaṁ) - to Sugrīva (the king of monkeys) (to Sugrīva)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sugrīva

sugrīva - Sugrīva (proper noun); having a beautiful neck

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+grīva)

• su – good, well, beautiful
  indeclinable
• grīva – neck
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of 'samupasthitaḥ' (or rather, its implied action).

समुपस्थितः (samupasthitaḥ) - (Darīmukha) having approached Sugrīva (approached, presented himself, stood near)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samupasthita

samupasthita - approached, standing near, present, appeared

Past Passive Participle

From root sthā (to stand) with prefixes sam and upa.

Prefixes: sam+upa

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'darīmukhaḥ'.