वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-38, verse-20

महाचलनिभैर्घोरैः पनसो नाम यूथपः ।
आजगाम महावीर्यस्तिसृभिः कोटिभिर्वृतः ॥२०॥

20. mahācalanibhairghoraiḥ panaso nāma yūthapaḥ ,
ājagāma mahāvīryastisṛbhiḥ koṭibhirvṛtaḥ.

20. mahācalanibhaiḥ ghoraiḥ panasaḥ nāma yūthapaḥ
ājagāma mahāvīryaḥ tisṛbhiḥ koṭibhiḥ vṛtaḥ

20. panasaḥ nāma yūthapaḥ mahāvīryaḥ mahācalanibhaiḥ
ghoraiḥ tisṛbhiḥ koṭibhiḥ vṛtaḥ ājagāma

20. The formidable commander named Panasa, possessing immense strength and resembling great mountains, arrived, accompanied by three crores (thirty million).

Words meanings summery:

• महाचलनिभैः (mahācalanibhaiḥ) - by (vanara warriors) resembling huge mountains (by those resembling great mountains, by those like huge mountains)

• घोरैः (ghoraiḥ) - by the formidable (vanara) warriors (by the formidable, by the terrible)

• पनसः (panasaḥ) - Panasa (name of a specific monkey commander) (Panasa)

• नाम (nāma) - named (Panasa) (by name, named, indeed)

• यूथपः (yūthapaḥ) - commander of a monkey troop (commander of a troop, chief of a band)

• आजगाम (ājagāma) - (Panasa) arrived (he came, he arrived)

• महावीर्यः (mahāvīryaḥ) - (Panasa) of great valor (of great strength, very valiant)

• तिसृभिः (tisṛbhiḥ) - by three (crores) (by three (feminine))

• कोटिभिः (koṭibhiḥ) - by three crores (of monkey warriors) (by crores (ten millions), by tens of millions)

• वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - accompanied by (three crores) (surrounded, accompanied, covered)

Words meanings and morphology

महाचलनिभैः (mahācalanibhaiḥ) - by (vanara warriors) resembling huge mountains (by those resembling great mountains, by those like huge mountains)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mahācalanibha

mahācalanibha - resembling a great mountain

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+acala+nibha)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• acala – mountain (literally: not moving)
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: a
  Root: cal (class 1)
• nibha – like, resembling
  adjective (masculine)
  From bhā (to shine) with ni.
  Prefix: ni
  Root: bhā (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'koṭibhiḥ' indirectly, or the unstated 'vanaraiḥ' which 'koṭibhiḥ' refers to. Grammatically matches 'ghoraiḥ'.

घोरैः (ghoraiḥ) - by the formidable (vanara) warriors (by the formidable, by the terrible)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ghora

ghora - terrible, dreadful, formidable, awful

Note: Qualifies 'koṭibhiḥ' indirectly, or the unstated 'vanaraiḥ'.

पनसः (panasaḥ) - Panasa (name of a specific monkey commander) (Panasa)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of panasa

panasa - Panasa (proper noun); jackfruit tree; jackfruit

Note: Subject of 'ājagāma'.

नाम (nāma) - named (Panasa) (by name, named, indeed)

(indeclinable)

Note: Qualifies 'panasaḥ'.

यूथपः (yūthapaḥ) - commander of a monkey troop (commander of a troop, chief of a band)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yūthapa

yūthapa - commander of a troop, chief of a band

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yūtha+pa)

• yūtha – troop, multitude, herd, band
  noun (neuter)
• pa – protector, guardian, keeper; one who drinks
  noun (masculine)
  From root pā (to protect).
  Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Appositive to 'panasaḥ'.

आजगाम (ājagāma) - (Panasa) arrived (he came, he arrived)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of gam

perfect active indicative 3rd singular

From root gam with prefix ā. Form is ā-jagāma.

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

महावीर्यः (mahāvīryaḥ) - (Panasa) of great valor (of great strength, very valiant)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāvīrya

mahāvīrya - of great strength, exceedingly powerful, very valiant

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+vīrya)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• vīrya – valor, strength, energy, heroism
  noun (neuter)
  Root: vīr

Note: Qualifies 'panasaḥ'.

तिसृभिः (tisṛbhiḥ) - by three (crores) (by three (feminine))

(numeral)

Note: Qualifies 'koṭibhiḥ'.

कोटिभिः (koṭibhiḥ) - by three crores (of monkey warriors) (by crores (ten millions), by tens of millions)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of koṭi

koṭi - crore (ten million), edge, summit, class, number

Note: Refers to the number of warriors accompanying Panasa.

वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - accompanied by (three crores) (surrounded, accompanied, covered)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛta

vṛta - surrounded, encompassed, covered, chosen

Past Passive Participle

From root vṛ (to cover, encompass, choose).

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'panasaḥ'. The instrumental 'koṭibhiḥ' acts as the agent of the passive participle.