वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-38, verse-1

इति ब्रुवाणं सुग्रीवं रामो धर्मभृतां वरः ।
बाहुभ्यां संपरिष्वज्य प्रत्युवाच कृताञ्जलिम् ॥१॥

1. iti bruvāṇaṃ sugrīvaṃ rāmo dharmabhṛtāṃ varaḥ ,
bāhubhyāṃ saṃpariṣvajya pratyuvāca kṛtāñjalim.

1. iti bruvāṇam sugrīvam rāmaḥ dharmabhṛtām varaḥ
bāhubhyām sampariṣvajya pratyuvāca kṛtāñjalim

1. rāmaḥ dharmabhṛtām varaḥ,
iti bruvāṇam kṛtāñjalim sugrīvam bāhubhyām sampariṣvajya,
pratyuvāca

1. Rāma, the foremost among those who uphold natural law (dharma), embraced Sugrīva, who was speaking thus and standing with folded hands, and then replied to him.

Words meanings summery:

• इति (iti) - thus, in this manner

• ब्रुवाणम् (bruvāṇam) - Sugrīva, who was speaking (speaking, saying)

• सुग्रीवम् (sugrīvam) - Sugrīva

• रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rāma

• धर्मभृताम् (dharmabhṛtām) - of those who uphold natural law (dharma)

• वरः (varaḥ) - the best of those who uphold natural law (best, excellent, foremost)

• बाहुभ्याम् (bāhubhyām) - with two arms

• सम्परिष्वज्य (sampariṣvajya) - having embraced closely/completely

• प्रत्युवाच (pratyuvāca) - replied, spoke back

• कृताञ्जलिम् (kṛtāñjalim) - Sugrīva, who had made a respectful gesture (one who has made a respectful gesture with folded hands)

Words meanings and morphology

इति (iti) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

ब्रुवाणम् (bruvāṇam) - Sugrīva, who was speaking (speaking, saying)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bruvāṇa

bruvāṇa - speaking, saying, declaring

Present Participle (Ātmanepada)

Derived from root brū (to speak)

Root: brū (class 2)

सुग्रीवम् (sugrīvam) - Sugrīva

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sugrīva

sugrīva - Sugrīva (name of the monkey king)

रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rāma

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (name of the hero of the Rāmāyaṇa); charming, pleasing

धर्मभृताम् (dharmabhṛtām) - of those who uphold natural law (dharma)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of dharmabhṛt

dharmabhṛt - upholder of natural law (dharma), one who supports virtue

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+bhṛt)

• dharma – natural law, intrinsic nature, constitution, righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• bhṛt – bearing, holding, maintaining, upholding
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun suffix -bhṛt
  From root bhṛ (to bear, carry, support)
  Root: bhṛ (class 1)

वरः (varaḥ) - the best of those who uphold natural law (best, excellent, foremost)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - best, excellent, principal; boon, choice

बाहुभ्याम् (bāhubhyām) - with two arms

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, dual of bāhu

bāhu - arm

सम्परिष्वज्य (sampariṣvajya) - having embraced closely/completely

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root svaj (to embrace) with prefixes sam- and pari-

Prefixes: sam+pari

Root: svaj (class 1)

प्रत्युवाच (pratyuvāca) - replied, spoke back

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of prativac

Perfect Active

3rd person singular, perfect tense, active voice, from root vac with prefix prati-

Prefix: prati

Root: vac (class 2)

कृताञ्जलिम् (kṛtāñjalim) - Sugrīva, who had made a respectful gesture (one who has made a respectful gesture with folded hands)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṛtāñjali

kṛtāñjali - having folded hands (in reverence); reverent

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛta+añjali)

• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root kṛ (to do, make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• añjali – the cavity formed by folding the hands together, a respectful gesture
  noun (masculine)

Next Verse