वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-38, verse-18

गोलाङ्गूलमहाराजो गवाक्षो भीमविक्रमः ।
वृतः कोटिसहस्रेण वानराणामदृश्यत ॥१८॥

18. golāṅgūlamahārājo gavākṣo bhīmavikramaḥ ,
vṛtaḥ koṭisahasreṇa vānarāṇāmadṛśyata.

18. golāṅgūlamahārājaḥ gavākṣaḥ bhīmavikramaḥ
vṛtaḥ koṭisahasreṇa vānarāṇām adṛśyata

18. golāṅgūlamahārājaḥ bhīmavikramaḥ gavākṣaḥ
koṭisahasreṇa vānarāṇām vṛtaḥ adṛśyata

18. The great king of the Golangulas, Gavaksha, known for his formidable prowess, was seen, surrounded by ten million monkeys.

Words meanings summery:

• गोलाङ्गूलमहाराजः (golāṅgūlamahārājaḥ) - great king of Golangulas (a type of monkey/ape)

• गवाक्षः (gavākṣaḥ) - Name of a monkey chief in the Ramayana. (Gavaksha (proper name))

• भीमविक्रमः (bhīmavikramaḥ) - of terrible valor, formidable prowess

• वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - surrounded by, encompassed

• कोटिसहस्रेण (koṭisahasreṇa) - by ten million (one crore)

• वानराणाम् (vānarāṇām) - of monkeys

• अदृश्यत (adṛśyata) - was seen, appeared

Words meanings and morphology

गोलाङ्गूलमहाराजः (golāṅgūlamahārājaḥ) - great king of Golangulas (a type of monkey/ape)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of golāṅgūlamahārāja

golāṅgūlamahārāja - great king of baboons/apes (Golangulas)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (golāṅgūla+mahārāja)

• golāṅgūla – baboon, a type of monkey (lit. cow-tailed)
  noun (masculine)
• mahārāja – great king, emperor
  noun (masculine)

गवाक्षः (gavākṣaḥ) - Name of a monkey chief in the Ramayana. (Gavaksha (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gavākṣa

gavākṣa - Gavaksha (name of a monkey general); loophole, window (lit. cow's eye)

भीमविक्रमः (bhīmavikramaḥ) - of terrible valor, formidable prowess

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīmavikrama

bhīmavikrama - having terrible valor, of formidable prowess

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bhīma+vikrama)

• bhīma – terrible, dreadful, formidable
  adjective (masculine)
  From root bhī (to fear).
  Root: bhī (class 3)
• vikrama – valor, might, power, stride
  noun (masculine)
  From verb root kram (to step) with prefix vi.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Agrees with Gavaksha.

वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - surrounded by, encompassed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛta

vṛta - surrounded, covered, chosen

Past Passive Participle

From root vṛ (to cover, surround, choose) with kta suffix.

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Agrees with Gavaksha.

कोटिसहस्रेण (koṭisahasreṇa) - by ten million (one crore)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of koṭisahasra

koṭisahasra - ten million (one crore); an immense number

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (koṭi+sahasra)

• koṭi – ten million (a crore); end, edge
  noun (feminine)
• sahasra – thousand
  noun (neuter)

वानराणाम् (vānarāṇām) - of monkeys

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of vānara

vānara - monkey

Note: Qualifies koṭisahasreṇa.

अदृश्यत (adṛśyata) - was seen, appeared

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, past imperfect (laṅ) of dṛś

Imperfect (laṅ), Passive Voice

Imperfect 3rd person singular passive of root dṛś (to see), with augment a-.

Root: dṛś (class 1)