वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-38, verse-33

आवृत्य पृथिवीं सर्वां पर्वतांश्च वनानि च ।
आप्लवन्तः प्लवन्तश्च गर्जन्तश्च प्लवंगमाः ।
अभ्यवर्तन्त सुग्रीवं सूर्यमभ्रगणा इव ॥३३॥

33. āvṛtya pṛthivīṃ sarvāṃ parvatāṃśca vanāni ca ,
āplavantaḥ plavantaśca garjantaśca plavaṃgamāḥ ,
abhyavartanta sugrīvaṃ sūryamabhragaṇā iva.

33. āvṛtya pṛthivīm sarvām parvatān ca
vanāni ca āplavantaḥ plavantaḥ ca
garjantaḥ ca plavaṅgamāḥ abhyavartanta
sugrīvam sūryam abhragaṇāḥ iva

33. sarvām pṛthivīm ca parvatān ca vanāni
āvṛtya āplavantaḥ plavantaḥ ca
garjantaḥ ca plavaṅgamāḥ abhragaṇāḥ
iva sūryam sugrīvam abhyavartanta

33. Covering the entire earth, mountains, and forests, those monkeys (plavaṅgama)—leaping, jumping, and roaring—surrounded Sugrīva, just as masses of clouds gather around the sun.

Words meanings summery:

• आवृत्य (āvṛtya) - the monkeys covering the land as they move. (having covered, having encompassed)

• पृथिवीम् (pṛthivīm) - the entire land surface. (earth, ground)

• सर्वाम् (sarvām) - the entire earth. (all, whole, entire)

• पर्वतान् (parvatān) - various mountain ranges. (mountains, hills)

• च (ca) - connects 'mountains' with 'forests'. (and, also)

• वनानि (vanāni) - various forests. (forests, woods)

• च (ca) - connects 'forests' with the preceding elements. (and, also)

• आप्लवन्तः (āplavantaḥ) - describing the vigorous movement of the monkeys. (leaping, springing, jumping)

• प्लवन्तः (plavantaḥ) - describing the movement of the monkeys, suggesting agility and quick motion. (floating, swimming, jumping)

• च (ca) - connects different actions of the monkeys. (and, also)

• गर्जन्तः (garjantaḥ) - describing the loud sounds made by the monkeys. (roaring, shouting)

• च (ca) - connects different actions of the monkeys. (and, also)

• प्लवङ्गमाः (plavaṅgamāḥ) - the monkey (plavaṅgama) warriors who are moving and roaring. (monkeys, apes)

• अभ्यवर्तन्त (abhyavartanta) - the monkeys gathered around Sugrīva. (they surrounded, they turned towards, they approached)

• सुग्रीवम् (sugrīvam) - Sugrīva, the king of the monkeys. (Sugrīva (a proper name))

• सूर्यम् (sūryam) - the sun, as an object of comparison for Sugrīva. (sun)

• अभ्रगणाः (abhragaṇāḥ) - clouds gathering around the sun. (masses of clouds)

• इव (iva) - introduces a simile, comparing the monkeys surrounding Sugrīva to clouds surrounding the sun. (like, as, as if)

Words meanings and morphology

आवृत्य (āvṛtya) - the monkeys covering the land as they move. (having covered, having encompassed)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from root vṛ (to cover, enclose) with prefix ā + suffix -tya.

Prefix: ā

Root: vṛ (class 5)

पृथिवीम् (pṛthivīm) - the entire land surface. (earth, ground)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pṛthivī

pṛthivī - earth, ground, soil

सर्वाम् (sarvām) - the entire earth. (all, whole, entire)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sarva

sarva - all, whole, entire

Note: Agrees with 'pṛthivīm'.

पर्वतान् (parvatān) - various mountain ranges. (mountains, hills)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of parvata

parvata - mountain, hill

च (ca) - connects 'mountains' with 'forests'. (and, also)

(indeclinable)

वनानि (vanāni) - various forests. (forests, woods)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove, thicket

च (ca) - connects 'forests' with the preceding elements. (and, also)

(indeclinable)

आप्लवन्तः (āplavantaḥ) - describing the vigorous movement of the monkeys. (leaping, springing, jumping)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of āplavat

āplavat - leaping, springing, jumping

Present Active Participle

Derived from root plu (to leap, swim) with prefix ā.

Prefix: ā

Root: plu (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'plavaṅgamāḥ'.

प्लवन्तः (plavantaḥ) - describing the movement of the monkeys, suggesting agility and quick motion. (floating, swimming, jumping)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of plavat

plavat - floating, swimming, jumping, leaping

Present Active Participle

Derived from root plu (to leap, swim).

Root: plu (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'plavaṅgamāḥ'.

च (ca) - connects different actions of the monkeys. (and, also)

(indeclinable)

गर्जन्तः (garjantaḥ) - describing the loud sounds made by the monkeys. (roaring, shouting)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of garjat

garjat - roaring, thundering, shouting

Present Active Participle

Derived from root garj (to roar, thunder).

Root: garj (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'plavaṅgamāḥ'.

च (ca) - connects different actions of the monkeys. (and, also)

(indeclinable)

प्लवङ्गमाः (plavaṅgamāḥ) - the monkey (plavaṅgama) warriors who are moving and roaring. (monkeys, apes)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of plavaṅgama

plavaṅgama - monkey, ape (literally 'one who goes by leaping')

Compound type : tatpurusha (plava+gama)

• plava – leaping, jumping; a boat, raft
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root plu (to leap, swim).
  Root: plu (class 1)
• gama – going, moving
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun/suffix
  Derived from root gam (to go).
  Root: gam (class 1)

अभ्यवर्तन्त (abhyavartanta) - the monkeys gathered around Sugrīva. (they surrounded, they turned towards, they approached)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of abhyavartanta

Imperfect

Root vṛt (to turn, revolve) with prefixes abhi + ava. Third person plural, middle voice.

Prefixes: abhi+ava

Root: vṛt (class 1)

सुग्रीवम् (sugrīvam) - Sugrīva, the king of the monkeys. (Sugrīva (a proper name))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sugrīva

sugrīva - Sugrīva (lit. 'one with a beautiful neck'), king of the monkeys

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+grīva)

• su – good, well, beautiful
  indeclinable
• grīva – neck
  noun (masculine)

सूर्यम् (sūryam) - the sun, as an object of comparison for Sugrīva. (sun)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sūrya

sūrya - sun, sun-god

अभ्रगणाः (abhragaṇāḥ) - clouds gathering around the sun. (masses of clouds)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of abhragaṇa

abhragaṇa - mass of clouds, cloud-host

Compound type : tatpurusha (abhra+gaṇa)

• abhra – cloud; sky
  noun (neuter)
• gaṇa – multitude, troop, host, group
  noun (masculine)

इव (iva) - introduces a simile, comparing the monkeys surrounding Sugrīva to clouds surrounding the sun. (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)