वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-40, verse-26

उपगम्य समाघ्राय विद्रवन्ति दिशो दश ।
राक्षसः सो ऽपि तान् वन्यान्मृगान्मृगवधे रतः ॥२६॥

26. upagamya samāghrāya vidravanti diśo daśa ,
rākṣasaḥ so'pi tān vanyānmṛgānmṛgavadhe rataḥ.

26. upagamya samāghrāya vidravanti diśaḥ daśa |
rākṣasaḥ saḥ api tān vanyān mṛgān mṛgavadhē rataḥ

26. vanyān mṛgān upagamya samāghrāya diśaḥ daśa
vidravanti saḥ rākṣasaḥ api mṛgavadhē rataḥ tān

26. Having approached and sniffed, (the wild animals) scatter in all ten directions. Even that demon, who delighted in hunting wild animals...

Words meanings summery:

• उपगम्य (upagamya) - having approached, having gone near

• समाघ्राय (samāghrāya) - having smelled thoroughly, having sniffed

• विद्रवन्ति (vidravanti) - they flee, they run away, they scatter

• दिशः (diśaḥ) - in the directions (directions)

• दश (daśa) - all ten (directions) (ten)

• राक्षसः (rākṣasaḥ) - the demon Mārīca (demon, Rākṣasa)

• सः (saḥ) - he (the demon) (he, that)

• अपि (api) - also, even

• तान् (tān) - those wild animals (those)

• वन्यान् (vanyān) - wild, forest-dwelling

• मृगान् (mṛgān) - deer, wild animals

• मृगवधे (mṛgavadhē) - in deer hunting, in killing game

• रतः (rataḥ) - engrossed in, delighting in, attached to

Words meanings and morphology

उपगम्य (upagamya) - having approached, having gone near

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root `gam` with prefix `upa` and suffix `-ya`.

Prefix: upa

Root: gam (class 1)

समाघ्राय (samāghrāya) - having smelled thoroughly, having sniffed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root `ghrā` with prefixes `sam` and `ā` and suffix `-ya`.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: ghrā (class 1)

विद्रवन्ति (vidravanti) - they flee, they run away, they scatter

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of vidrav

Present active

Root `dru` with prefix `vi`.

Prefix: vi

Root: dru (class 1)

दिशः (diśaḥ) - in the directions (directions)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of diś

diś - direction, quarter of the sky

Note: Could also be nominative plural.

दश (daśa) - all ten (directions) (ten)

(adjective)

Accusative, plural of daśa

daśa - ten

Note: Modifies diśaḥ.

राक्षसः (rākṣasaḥ) - the demon Mārīca (demon, Rākṣasa)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - demon, Rākṣasa (a class of mythical beings)

Note: Refers to Mārīca.

सः (saḥ) - he (the demon) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to rākṣasaḥ.

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

तान् (tān) - those wild animals (those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to mṛgān.

वन्यान् (vanyān) - wild, forest-dwelling

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vanya

vanya - wild, forest-born, forest-dwelling, belonging to a forest

From `vana` (forest).

Note: Modifies mṛgān.

मृगान् (mṛgān) - deer, wild animals

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of mṛga

mṛga - deer, wild animal, game

Note: Object of implied verb 'hunt' or 'deceive'.

मृगवधे (mṛgavadhē) - in deer hunting, in killing game

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of mṛgavadhā

mṛgavadhā - deer hunting, killing game

Compound of `mṛga` (deer) and `vadha` (killing).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mṛga+vadha)

• mṛga – deer, wild animal, game
  noun (masculine)
• vadha – killing, slaying, slaughter
  noun (masculine)
  From root `vadh` (to strike, to kill).
  Root: vadh (class 1)

Note: Refers to the activity the demon is engrossed in.

रतः (rataḥ) - engrossed in, delighting in, attached to

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rata

rata - delighted, pleased, engrossed in, attached to

Past Passive Participle

From root `ram` (to delight, to sport).

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Modifies rākṣasaḥ.