वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-40, verse-12

स रावणवचः श्रुत्वा मारीचो राक्षसस्तदा ।
मृगो भूत्वाश्रमद्वारि रामस्य विचचार ह ॥१२॥

12. sa rāvaṇavacaḥ śrutvā mārīco rākṣasastadā ,
mṛgo bhūtvāśramadvāri rāmasya vicacāra ha.

12. saḥ rāvaṇavacaḥ śrutvā mārīcaḥ rākṣasaḥ tadā
mṛgaḥ bhūtvā āśramadvāri rāmasya vicacāra ha

12. tadā saḥ rākṣasaḥ mārīcaḥ rāvaṇavacaḥ śrutvā
mṛgaḥ bhūtvā rāmasya āśramadvāri vicacāra ha

12. Then, having heard Rāvaṇa's words, that demon Mārīca transformed into a deer and roamed about at the entrance of Rāma's hermitage (āśrama).

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he (Mārīca) (he, that)

• रावणवचः (rāvaṇavacaḥ) - Rāvaṇa's words, Rāvaṇa's speech

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard, having listened

• मारीचः (mārīcaḥ) - Mārīca

• राक्षसः (rākṣasaḥ) - demon, Rākṣasa

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• मृगः (mṛgaḥ) - deer, wild animal

• भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having transformed into (having become, having been)

• आश्रमद्वारि (āśramadvāri) - at the hermitage (āśrama) gate

• रामस्य (rāmasya) - of Rāma

• विचचार (vicacāra) - roamed, wandered

• ह (ha) - (emphatic/narrative particle, often untranslated in English) (indeed, certainly (emphatic particle))

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he (Mārīca) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

रावणवचः (rāvaṇavacaḥ) - Rāvaṇa's words, Rāvaṇa's speech

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rāvaṇavacas

rāvaṇavacas - Rāvaṇa's words, statement of Rāvaṇa

Compound word.

Compound type : Genitive Tatpurusha (rāvaṇa+vacas)

• rāvaṇa – Rāvaṇa
  proper noun (masculine)
• vacas – word, speech, saying
  noun (neuter)
  From root vac 'to speak'.
  Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Here vacas takes -as ending in accusative singular (s-stem).

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard, having listened

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root śru 'to hear' with suffix -tvā.

Root: śru (class 5)

मारीचः (mārīcaḥ) - Mārīca

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mārīca

mārīca - Mārīca (name of a Rākṣasa)

राक्षसः (rākṣasaḥ) - demon, Rākṣasa

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - demon, fiend, a class of malevolent beings

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Formed from pronoun tad with suffix -dā.

मृगः (mṛgaḥ) - deer, wild animal

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mṛga

mṛga - deer, gazelle, wild animal

भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having transformed into (having become, having been)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root bhū 'to be, become' with suffix -tvā.

Root: bhū (class 1)

आश्रमद्वारि (āśramadvāri) - at the hermitage (āśrama) gate

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of āśramadvāra

āśramadvāra - hermitage gate, entrance to an āśrama

Compound word.

Compound type : Tatpurusha (āśrama+dvāra)

• āśrama – hermitage, ascetic's abode, stage of life
  noun (masculine)
• dvāra – door, gate, entrance
  noun (neuter)

Note: Though dvār is feminine, in compounds and classical Sanskrit, dvāra (neuter) is common.

रामस्य (rāmasya) - of Rāma

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma

विचचार (vicacāra) - roamed, wandered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of car

Perfect 3rd singular active, from root car with upasarga vi.

Prefix: vi

Root: car (class 1)

ह (ha) - (emphatic/narrative particle, often untranslated in English) (indeed, certainly (emphatic particle))

(indeclinable)