वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-27, verse-5

ज्यां विधुन्वन् सुबहुशः शिक्षयास्त्राणि दर्शयन् ।
चचार समरे मार्गाञ् शरै रथगतः खरः ॥५॥

5. jyāṃ vidhunvan subahuśaḥ śikṣayāstrāṇi darśayan ,
cacāra samare mārgāñ śarai rathagataḥ kharaḥ.

5. jyām vidhunvan subahuśaḥ śikṣayā astrāṇi darśayan
cacāra samare mārgān śaraiḥ rathagataḥ kharaḥ

5. rathagataḥ kharaḥ jyām subahuśaḥ vidhunvan śikṣayā
astrāṇi darśayan śaraiḥ mārgān samare cacāra

5. Mounted on his chariot, Khara frequently twanged his bowstring and displayed his missile-weapons with expertise, moving across the battlefield with his arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• ज्याम् (jyām) - bowstring, string

• विधुन्वन् (vidhunvan) - twanging (the bowstring) (shaking, twanging, vibrating)

• सुबहुशः (subahuśaḥ) - very many times, frequently, repeatedly

• शिक्षया (śikṣayā) - with expertise (by skill, with training, through practice)

• अस्त्राणि (astrāṇi) - missile weapons, weapons

• दर्शयन् (darśayan) - showing, displaying, demonstrating

• चचार (cacāra) - moved across (the battlefield) (moved about, roamed, wandered)

• समरे (samare) - on the battlefield (in battle, in war)

• मार्गान् (mārgān) - paths, ways, courses

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

• रथगतः (rathagataḥ) - mounted on a chariot, chariot-borne

• खरः (kharaḥ) - The demon Khara (Khara (a demon's name))

Words meanings and morphology

ज्याम् (jyām) - bowstring, string

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of jyā

jyā - bowstring, mother earth

विधुन्वन् (vidhunvan) - twanging (the bowstring) (shaking, twanging, vibrating)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidhunvat

vidhunvat - shaking, causing to tremble, twanging

Present Active Participle

From prefix vi + root dhū (to shake) + śatṛ suffix

Prefix: vi

Root: dhū (class 5)

सुबहुशः (subahuśaḥ) - very many times, frequently, repeatedly

(indeclinable)

Formed from su (good, very) + bahu (many) + śas (adverbial suffix)

शिक्षया (śikṣayā) - with expertise (by skill, with training, through practice)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of śikṣā

śikṣā - learning, instruction, training, skill

From root śikṣ (to learn, to teach)

Root: śikṣ (class 1)

अस्त्राणि (astrāṇi) - missile weapons, weapons

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of astra

astra - weapon, missile

From root as (to throw)

Root: as (class 4)

दर्शयन् (darśayan) - showing, displaying, demonstrating

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of darśayat

darśayat - showing, displaying

Present Active Participle (Causative)

From causative stem of root dṛś (to see) + śatṛ suffix

Root: dṛś (class 1)

चचार (cacāra) - moved across (the battlefield) (moved about, roamed, wandered)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of car

Perfect (liṭ)

Reduplicated perfect form of root car

Root: car (class 1)

समरे (samare) - on the battlefield (in battle, in war)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, war, conflict

मार्गान् (mārgān) - paths, ways, courses

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of mārga

mārga - path, road, way, course

From root mṛg (to seek, hunt)

Root: mṛg (class 2)

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, reed

रथगतः (rathagataḥ) - mounted on a chariot, chariot-borne

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rathagata

rathagata - mounted on a chariot, moving in a chariot

Compound. From ratha (chariot) and gata (gone, mounted).

Compound type : tatpurusha (ratha+gata)

• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)
• gata – gone, moved, mounted, obtained
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

खरः (kharaḥ) - The demon Khara (Khara (a demon's name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of khara

khara - Khara (name of a rākṣasa), donkey, sharp, hard