वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-27, verse-22

तं चतुर्भिः खरः क्रुद्धो रामं गात्रेषु मार्गणैः ।
विव्याध हृदि मर्मज्ञो मातङ्गमिव तोमरैः ॥२२॥

22. taṃ caturbhiḥ kharaḥ kruddho rāmaṃ gātreṣu mārgaṇaiḥ ,
vivyādha hṛdi marmajño mātaṅgamiva tomaraiḥ.

22. tam caturbhiḥ kharaḥ kruddhaḥ rāmam gātreṣu mārgaṇaiḥ
vivyādha hṛdi marmajñaḥ mātaṅgam iva tomaraiḥ

22. kruddhaḥ marmajñaḥ kharaḥ tam rāmam caturbhiḥ
mārgaṇaiḥ gātreṣu hṛdi vivyādha mātaṅgam tomaraiḥ iva

22. The enraged Khara, a master of vital points, pierced that Rama on his limbs with four arrows and in the heart, just as one would strike an elephant with lances.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - that (that, him)

• चतुर्भिः (caturbhiḥ) - with four (by four, with four)

• खरः (kharaḥ) - Khara (Khara (name of a demon))

• क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged (enraged, angry)

• रामम् (rāmam) - Rama

• गात्रेषु (gātreṣu) - on his limbs (on the limbs, on the body parts)

• मार्गणैः (mārgaṇaiḥ) - with arrows (with arrows, with seekers)

• विव्याध (vivyādha) - he pierced (he pierced, he struck)

• हृदि (hṛdi) - in the heart

• मर्मज्ञः (marmajñaḥ) - a master of vital points (knower of vital spots, vulnerable points)

• मातङ्गम् (mātaṅgam) - an elephant (elephant)

• इव (iva) - just as (like, as, as if)

• तोमरैः (tomaraiḥ) - with lances (with lances, with javelins)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - that (that, him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Note: modifies rāmam

चतुर्भिः (caturbhiḥ) - with four (by four, with four)

(numeral)

Note: modifies mārgaṇaiḥ

खरः (kharaḥ) - Khara (Khara (name of a demon))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of khara

khara - Khara (name of a demon), donkey, sharp, hard

Note: subject of the verb 'vivyādha'

क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged (enraged, angry)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kruddha

kruddha - enraged, angry, furious

Past Passive Participle

from krudh 'to be angry'

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: modifies kharaḥ

रामम् (rāmam) - Rama

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (name of a legendary prince), pleasant, charming

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: object of the verb 'vivyādha'

गात्रेषु (gātreṣu) - on his limbs (on the limbs, on the body parts)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of gātra

gātra - limb, body part, body

Root: gā (class 1)

Note: locative of place where Rama was pierced

मार्गणैः (mārgaṇaiḥ) - with arrows (with arrows, with seekers)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mārgaṇa

mārgaṇa - arrow, seeker, searcher

from root mṛg 'to seek, hunt'

Root: mṛg (class 2)

Note: instrumental of means

विव्याध (vivyādha) - he pierced (he pierced, he struck)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vyadh

Perfect Active

third person singular, Parasmaipada, Reduplicated Perfect, from vi + vyadh

Prefix: vi

Root: vyadh (class 4)

हृदि (hṛdi) - in the heart

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of hṛd

hṛd - heart, mind, soul

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: locative of place where Rama was pierced

मर्मज्ञः (marmajñaḥ) - a master of vital points (knower of vital spots, vulnerable points)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of marmajña

marmajña - knower of vital spots, one who knows vulnerable points

Compound type : tatpurusha (marman+jña)

• marman – vital spot, vulnerable point, joint
  noun (neuter)
  Root: mṛ (class 1)
• jña – knowing, acquainted with, wise
  adjective
  from root jñā 'to know'
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: epithet for Khara

मातङ्गम् (mātaṅgam) - an elephant (elephant)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mātaṅga

mātaṅga - elephant, Chandala (outcaste)

Note: object of comparison in the simile

इव (iva) - just as (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

तोमरैः (tomaraiḥ) - with lances (with lances, with javelins)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tomara

tomara - spear, javelin, lance

Root: tud (class 6)

Note: instrumental of means in the comparison