वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-58, verse-14

गत्वा नद्यास्ततस्तीरमपश्यमिषुणा हृदि ।
विनिर्भिन्नं गतप्राणं शयानं भुवि तापसं ॥१४॥

14. gatvā nadyāstatastīramapaśyamiṣuṇā hṛdi ,
vinirbhinnaṃ gataprāṇaṃ śayānaṃ bhuvi tāpasaṃ.

14. gatvā nadhyāḥ tataḥ tīram apaśyam iṣuṇā hṛdi
vinirbhinnam gataprāṇam śayānam bhuvi tāpasam

14. tataḥ nadhyāḥ tīram gatvā,
iṣuṇā hṛdi vinirbhinnam gataprāṇam bhuvi śayānam tāpasam apaśyam

14. Having then gone to the bank of the river, I saw a hermit lying on the ground, pierced through the heart by an arrow and bereft of life.

Words meanings summery:

• गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone

• नद्याः (nadyāḥ) - of the river

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, from there

• तीरम् (tīram) - bank, shore (of a river)

• अपश्यम् (apaśyam) - I saw, I beheld

• इषुणा (iṣuṇā) - by an arrow, with an arrow

• हृदि (hṛdi) - in the heart

• विनिर्भिन्नम् (vinirbhinnam) - pierced through, completely penetrated

• गतप्राणम् (gataprāṇam) - whose life has departed, lifeless

• शयानम् (śayānam) - lying, sleeping

• भुवि (bhuvi) - on the ground, on the earth

• तापसम् (tāpasam) - a hermit, an ascetic

Words meanings and morphology

गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root 'gam' (to go)

Root: gam (class 1)

नद्याः (nadyāḥ) - of the river

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of nadī

nadī - river

ततः (tataḥ) - then, from there

(indeclinable)

तीरम् (tīram) - bank, shore (of a river)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tīra

tīra - bank, shore, edge, margin

अपश्यम् (apaśyam) - I saw, I beheld

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

इषुणा (iṣuṇā) - by an arrow, with an arrow

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of iṣu

iṣu - arrow

हृदि (hṛdi) - in the heart

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of hṛd

hṛd - heart, mind, chest, core

विनिर्भिन्नम् (vinirbhinnam) - pierced through, completely penetrated

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vinirbhinna

vinirbhinna - pierced through, shattered, split, broken

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'bhid' (to break, cleave) with prefixes 'vi' and 'nir'

Prefixes: vi+nir

Root: bhid (class 7)

गतप्राणम् (gataprāṇam) - whose life has departed, lifeless

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of gataprāṇa

gataprāṇa - having life departed, lifeless, dead

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (gata+prāṇa)

• gata – gone, departed, past
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'gam' (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)
• prāṇa – breath, life-force, vital air
  noun (masculine)

शयानम् (śayānam) - lying, sleeping

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śayāna

śayāna - lying down, sleeping, resting

Present Active Participle (ātmanepada)

Derived from root 'śī' (to lie down, sleep)

Root: śī (class 2)

भुवि (bhuvi) - on the ground, on the earth

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhū

bhū - earth, ground, land, world

तापसम् (tāpasam) - a hermit, an ascetic

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tāpasa

tāpasa - an ascetic, a hermit (one who practices tapas)

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