वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-51, verse-6

कच्चिन्न सगजा साश्वा सजना सजनाधिपा ।
रामसंतापदुःखेन दग्धा शोकाग्निना पुरी ।
इति चिन्तापरः सूतस्त्वरितः प्रविवेश ह ॥६॥

6. kaccinna sagajā sāśvā sajanā sajanādhipā ,
rāmasaṃtāpaduḥkhena dagdhā śokāgninā purī ,
iti cintāparaḥ sūtastvaritaḥ praviveśa ha.

6. kaccit na sagajā sāśvā sajanā
sajanādhipā rāmasaṃtāpaduḥkhena
dagdhā śokāgninā purī iti cintāparaḥ
sūtaḥ tvaritaḥ praviveśa ha

6. sūtaḥ cintāparaḥ (iti) purī sagajā
sāśvā sajanā sajanādhipā
rāmasaṃtāpaduḥkhena śokāgninā na dagdhā
kaccit tvaritaḥ ha praviveśa

6. The charioteer (Sumantra), immersed in this worry – 'Surely, the city, with its elephants, horses, people, and its ruler, has not been consumed by the fire of grief (śokāgni), due to the sorrow of Rama's distress?' – swiftly entered.

Words meanings summery:

• कच्चित् (kaccit) - is it not that, implying apprehension (surely not, perhaps, is it not that)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• सगजा (sagajā) - with its elephants (with elephants, having elephants)

• साश्वा (sāśvā) - with its horses (with horses, having horses)

• सजना (sajanā) - with its inhabitants (with people, having people)

• सजनाधिपा (sajanādhipā) - with its ruler/king (with its lord of people, with its king)

• रामसंतापदुःखेन (rāmasaṁtāpaduḥkhena) - due to the sorrow caused by Rama's distress (by the sorrow of Rama's distress/grief)

• दग्धा (dagdhā) - consumed (by fire) (burnt, consumed, afflicted)

• शोकाग्निना (śokāgninā) - by the fire of grief (śokāgni) (by the fire of grief, by the grief-fire)

• पुरी (purī) - the city (Ayodhya) (city, town)

• इति (iti) - thus (introducing the thought of the charioteer) (thus, in this manner, indicating quotation)

• चिन्तापरः (cintāparaḥ) - preoccupied with such worry (immersed in worry, filled with anxiety)

• सूतः (sūtaḥ) - the charioteer (Sumantra) (charioteer, son)

• त्वरितः (tvaritaḥ) - swiftly, in a hurried manner (swift, hurried, quickly)

• प्रविवेश (praviveśa) - entered

• ह (ha) - indeed (indeed, certainly (an emphatic particle))

Words meanings and morphology

कच्चित् (kaccit) - is it not that, implying apprehension (surely not, perhaps, is it not that)

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

सगजा (sagajā) - with its elephants (with elephants, having elephants)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sagaja

sagaja - with elephants

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+gaja)

• sa – with, accompanied by, having
  indeclinable
• gaja – elephant
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to 'purī' (city).

साश्वा (sāśvā) - with its horses (with horses, having horses)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sāśva

sāśva - with horses

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+aśva)

• sa – with, accompanied by, having
  indeclinable
• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to 'purī' (city).

सजना (sajanā) - with its inhabitants (with people, having people)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sajana

sajana - with people, inhabited

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+jana)

• sa – with, accompanied by, having
  indeclinable
• jana – person, people
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to 'purī' (city).

सजनाधिपा (sajanādhipā) - with its ruler/king (with its lord of people, with its king)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sajanādhipa

sajanādhipa - with its ruler

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+janādhipa)

• sa – with, accompanied by, having
  indeclinable
• janādhipa – lord of people, king
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to 'purī' (city).

रामसंतापदुःखेन (rāmasaṁtāpaduḥkhena) - due to the sorrow caused by Rama's distress (by the sorrow of Rama's distress/grief)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of rāmasaṃtāpaduḥkha

rāmasaṁtāpaduḥkha - sorrow from Rama's distress

Compound type : tatpurusha (rāma+saṃtāpa+duḥkha)

• rāma – Rama (a proper name)
  proper noun (masculine)
• saṃtāpa – distress, affliction, grief, pain
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: tap (class 1)
• duḥkha – sorrow, pain, suffering
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agent of the action 'dagdhā'.

दग्धा (dagdhā) - consumed (by fire) (burnt, consumed, afflicted)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dagdha

dagdha - burnt, consumed, scorched

Past Passive Participle

From root 'dah' (to burn) + suffix 'kta'

Root: dah (class 1)

शोकाग्निना (śokāgninā) - by the fire of grief (śokāgni) (by the fire of grief, by the grief-fire)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śokāgni

śokāgni - fire of grief

Compound type : tatpurusha (śoka+agni)

• śoka – grief, sorrow, lamentation
  noun (masculine)
• agni – fire
  noun (masculine)

Note: Instrument of burning.

पुरी (purī) - the city (Ayodhya) (city, town)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of purī

purī - city, town

Note: Subject of the verb 'dagdhā'.

इति (iti) - thus (introducing the thought of the charioteer) (thus, in this manner, indicating quotation)

(indeclinable)

चिन्तापरः (cintāparaḥ) - preoccupied with such worry (immersed in worry, filled with anxiety)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of cintāpara

cintāpara - immersed in thought/worry, anxious

Compound type : tatpurusha (cintā+para)

• cintā – thought, worry, anxiety
  noun (feminine)
  Root: cit (class 10)
• para – chief, principal, immersed in, devoted to
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Refers to 'sūtaḥ'.

सूतः (sūtaḥ) - the charioteer (Sumantra) (charioteer, son)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sūta

sūta - charioteer, bard, son of a kṣatriya by a brāhmaṇa woman

Note: Subject of 'praviveśa'.

त्वरितः (tvaritaḥ) - swiftly, in a hurried manner (swift, hurried, quickly)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tvarita

tvarita - hastened, hurried, swift, quick

Past Passive Participle

From root 'tvar' (to hasten) + suffix 'kta'

Root: tvar (class 1)

प्रविवेश (praviveśa) - entered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of praviś

Perfect Tense (Lit)

Root 'viś' (to enter) with prefix 'pra'

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

ह (ha) - indeed (indeed, certainly (an emphatic particle))

(indeclinable)