वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-51, verse-13

वातायनगतानां च स्त्रीणामन्वन्तरापणम् ।
रामशोकाभितप्तानां शुश्राव परिदेवनम् ॥१३॥

13. vātāyanagatānāṃ ca strīṇāmanvantarāpaṇam ,
rāmaśokābhitaptānāṃ śuśrāva paridevanam.

13. vātāyanagatānām ca strīṇām anu antarāpaṇam
rāmaśoka abhitaptānām śuśrāva paridevanam

13. vātāyanagatānām ca anu antarāpaṇam rāmaśoka
abhitaptānām strīṇām paridevanam śuśrāva

13. He heard the lamentations of women, who were afflicted with grief (śoka) for Rāma, and were positioned at the windows and along the market streets.

Words meanings summery:

• वातायनगतानाम् (vātāyanagatānām) - of those gone to the windows, of those at the windows

• च (ca) - and, also

• स्त्रीणाम् (strīṇām) - of women

• अनु (anu) - along (the markets) (along, after, near, according to)

• अन्तरापणम् (antarāpaṇam) - inner market, market street

• रामशोक (rāmaśoka) - sorrow for Rāma, grief concerning Rāma

• अभितप्तानाम् (abhitaptānām) - afflicted by grief for Rāma (of those scorched/afflicted/distressed)

• शुश्राव (śuśrāva) - he heard

• परिदेवनम् (paridevanam) - lamentation, weeping, complaint

Words meanings and morphology

वातायनगतानाम् (vātāyanagatānām) - of those gone to the windows, of those at the windows

(adjective)

Genitive, feminine, plural of vātāyanagata

vātāyanagata - gone to the window, positioned at the window

Tatpurusha compound. vātāyana (window) + gata (gone, reached).

Compound type : tatpurusha (vātāyana+gata)

• vātāyana – window (lit. 'wind-passage')
  noun (neuter)
  Compound vāta (wind) + ayana (passage)
• gata – gone, reached, arrived, situated
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  P.P.P. of root gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies strīṇām.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

Note: Connects two adjectival phrases referring to the women.

स्त्रीणाम् (strīṇām) - of women

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of strī

strī - woman, wife, female

Note: Possessive, 'of women'.

अनु (anu) - along (the markets) (along, after, near, according to)

(indeclinable)

Preposition used with accusative or adverbially, here indicating movement or position 'along'.

अन्तरापणम् (antarāpaṇam) - inner market, market street

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of antarāpaṇa

antarāpaṇa - inner market, market street, space between shops

Compound antara (inner, between) + āpaṇa (shop, market).

Compound type : tatpurusha (antara+āpaṇa)

• antara – inner, interior, between, middle
  adjective (neuter)
• āpaṇa – shop, market, bazaar
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ā

Note: Functions adverbially, 'along the market street'.

रामशोक (rāmaśoka) - sorrow for Rāma, grief concerning Rāma

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāmaśoka

rāmaśoka - sorrow for Rāma, grief concerning Rāma

Tatpurusha compound. rāma (Rāma) + śoka (grief).

Compound type : tatpurusha (rāma+śoka)

• rāma – Rāma (name of the epic hero)
  proper noun (masculine)
  Root: ram (class 1)
• śoka – grief, sorrow, lamentation
  noun (masculine)
  From root śuc (to mourn)
  Root: śuc (class 1)

Note: Part of the larger compound rāmaśokābhitaptānām.

अभितप्तानाम् (abhitaptānām) - afflicted by grief for Rāma (of those scorched/afflicted/distressed)

(adjective)

Genitive, feminine, plural of abhitapta

abhitapta - scorched, heated, distressed, afflicted, tormented

Past Passive Participle

P.P.P. of root tap with prefix abhi.

Prefix: abhi

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Qualifies strīṇām.

शुश्राव (śuśrāva) - he heard

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Perfect (Lit) of śru

Perfect Active

3rd person singular, Perfect tense, active voice. Reduplicated root.

Root: śru (class 5)

परिदेवनम् (paridevanam) - lamentation, weeping, complaint

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of paridevana

paridevana - lamentation, weeping, complaint, wailing

kṛt nominalization

From pari-dev (to lament, weep) with suffix -ana.

Prefix: pari

Root: dev (class 1)

Note: Object of the verb śuśrāva.