वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-51, verse-18

यथा च मन्ये दुर्जीवमेवं न सुकरं ध्रुवम् ।
आच्छिद्य पुत्रे निर्याते कौसल्या यत्र जीवति ॥१८॥

18. yathā ca manye durjīvamevaṃ na sukaraṃ dhruvam ,
ācchidya putre niryāte kausalyā yatra jīvati.

18. yathā ca manye durjīvam evam na sukaram dhruvam
ācchidya putre niryāte kausalyā yatra jīvati

18. manye ca yathā durjīvam evam dhruvam na sukaram
kausalyā yatra putre ācchidya niryāte jīvati

18. And I certainly believe that just as life is difficult, to survive in this manner is surely not easy. Yet, how does Kausalya live, with her son having been torn away and departed?

Words meanings summery:

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, according to

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• मन्ये (manye) - I think, I believe, I consider

• दुर्जीवम् (durjīvam) - difficult to live, hard to survive, miserable life

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this way, so

• न (na) - not, no

• सुकरम् (sukaram) - easy to do, easy, simple

• ध्रुवम् (dhruvam) - certainly, surely, fixed, constant

• आच्छिद्य (ācchidya) - having cut off, having torn away, having separated

• पुत्रे (putre) - in the son, when the son

• निर्याते (niryāte) - having departed, having gone forth, when he departed

• कौसल्या (kausalyā) - Kausalya (mother of Rama)

• यत्र (yatra) - where, in which (place/case)

• जीवति (jīvati) - lives, survives, exists

Words meanings and morphology

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, according to

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

मन्ये (manye) - I think, I believe, I consider

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (lat) of man

Present Tense, Ātmanepada, 1st person singular

Root √man (मन), 8th class, Present tense, Ātmanepada, 1st singular.

Root: man (class 8)

दुर्जीवम् (durjīvam) - difficult to live, hard to survive, miserable life

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of durjīva

durjīva - difficult to live, hard to survive, miserable life

Derived from dur (bad, difficult) + √jīv (to live).

Prefix: dur

Root: jīv (class 1)

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this way, so

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

सुकरम् (sukaram) - easy to do, easy, simple

(adjective)

neuter, singular of sukara

sukara - easy to do, easy, simple

Derived from su (good, easy) + √kṛ (to do).

Prefix: su

Root: kṛ (class 8)

ध्रुवम् (dhruvam) - certainly, surely, fixed, constant

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhruva

dhruva - fixed, constant, certain, sure

आच्छिद्य (ācchidya) - having cut off, having torn away, having separated

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

Absolutive from prefix ā- (आ) and root √chid (छिद्).

Prefix: ā

Root: chid (class 7)

पुत्रे (putre) - in the son, when the son

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

निर्याते (niryāte) - having departed, having gone forth, when he departed

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of niryāta

niryāta - departed, gone forth, gone out

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle from prefix nir- (निर्) and root √yā (या).

Prefix: nir

Root: yā (class 2)

कौसल्या (kausalyā) - Kausalya (mother of Rama)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kausalyā

kausalyā - Kausalya (mother of Rama)

यत्र (yatra) - where, in which (place/case)

(indeclinable)

जीवति (jīvati) - lives, survives, exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of jīv

Present Tense, Parasmaipada, 3rd person singular

Root √jīv (जीव्), 1st class, Present tense, Parasmaipada, 3rd singular.

Root: jīv (class 1)