वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-40, verse-18

गच्छन्तमेव तं दृष्ट्वा रामं संभ्रान्तमानसाः ।
ऊचुः परमसंतप्ता रामं वाक्यमिदं द्विजाः ॥१८॥

18. gacchantameva taṃ dṛṣṭvā rāmaṃ saṃbhrāntamānasāḥ ,
ūcuḥ paramasaṃtaptā rāmaṃ vākyamidaṃ dvijāḥ.

18. gacchantam eva tam dṛṣṭvā rāmam saṃbhrāntamānasāḥ
ūcuḥ paramasaṃtaptāḥ rāmam vākyam idam dvijāḥ

18. tam rāmam gacchantam eva dṛṣṭvā saṃbhrāntamānasāḥ
paramasaṃtaptāḥ dvijāḥ idam vākyam rāmam ūcuḥ

18. Upon seeing Rama as he was departing, the Brahmins, whose minds were agitated and who were exceedingly distressed, spoke these words to him.

Words meanings summery:

• गच्छन्तम् (gacchantam) - departing (going, moving, departing)

• एव (eva) - just as, indeed (indeed, only, just, exactly)

• तम् (tam) - him (Rama) (him, that (masc. sg. acc.))

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• रामम् (rāmam) - Rama (Rama (acc. sg.))

• संभ्रान्तमानसाः (saṁbhrāntamānasāḥ) - with agitated minds (referring to the Brahmins) (with agitated minds, whose minds are confused)

• ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - they spoke (they spoke, they said)

• परमसंतप्ताः (paramasaṁtaptāḥ) - greatly distressed (referring to the Brahmins) (exceedingly distressed, greatly afflicted)

• रामम् (rāmam) - to Rama (to Rama (acc. sg.))

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - words, speech (word, speech, sentence)

• इदम् (idam) - these (words) (this, these)

• द्विजाः (dvijāḥ) - the Brahmins (Brahmins, twice-born)

Words meanings and morphology

गच्छन्तम् (gacchantam) - departing (going, moving, departing)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of gacchant

gacchant - going, moving, proceeding

Present Active Participle

Derived from root gam (1st class) with present active participle suffix -śatṛ

Root: gam (class 1)

एव (eva) - just as, indeed (indeed, only, just, exactly)

(indeclinable)

तम् (tam) - him (Rama) (him, that (masc. sg. acc.))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root dṛś (1st class) with suffix -tvā

Root: dṛś (class 1)

रामम् (rāmam) - Rama (Rama (acc. sg.))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (name of a king, incarnation of Vishnu)

संभ्रान्तमानसाः (saṁbhrāntamānasāḥ) - with agitated minds (referring to the Brahmins) (with agitated minds, whose minds are confused)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of saṃbhrāntamānasa

saṁbhrāntamānasa - agitated in mind, confused in mind

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (saṃbhrānta+mānasa)

• saṃbhrānta – agitated, confused, bewildered
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root bhrām with prefix sam
  Prefix: sam
  Root: bhrām
• mānasa – mind, mental, belonging to the mind
  noun (neuter)

Note: Acts as an adjective for 'dvijāḥ'.

ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - they spoke (they spoke, they said)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of √vac

Perfect Tense

Perfect 3rd person plural of √vac

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: The root undergoes reduplication and internal sandhi.

परमसंतप्ताः (paramasaṁtaptāḥ) - greatly distressed (referring to the Brahmins) (exceedingly distressed, greatly afflicted)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of paramasaṃtapta

paramasaṁtapta - exceedingly distressed, greatly afflicted, extremely pained

Compound type : karmadhāraya (parama+saṃtapta)

• parama – supreme, highest, ultimate, greatest, exceedingly
  adjective (masculine)
• saṃtapta – heated, tormented, distressed, afflicted
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root tap with prefix sam
  Prefix: sam
  Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Acts as an adjective for 'dvijāḥ'.

रामम् (rāmam) - to Rama (to Rama (acc. sg.))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (name of a king, incarnation of Vishnu)

Note: Recipient of the speech.

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - words, speech (word, speech, sentence)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - word, sentence, speech, statement

Derived from √vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of 'ūcuḥ'.

इदम् (idam) - these (words) (this, these)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, these, here

Note: Refers to the following speech.

द्विजाः (dvijāḥ) - the Brahmins (Brahmins, twice-born)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dvija

dvija - twice-born (Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya; also bird, tooth)

Derived from dvi (two) + √jan (to be born)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dvi+jan)

• dvi – two
  numeral (neuter)
• jan – born
  root
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Subject of 'ūcuḥ'.