वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-23, verse-8

अद्य बार्हस्पतः श्रीमान्युक्तः पुष्यो न राघव ।
प्रोच्यते ब्राह्मणैः प्राज्ञैः केन त्वमसि दुर्मनाः ॥८॥

8. adya bārhaspataḥ śrīmānyuktaḥ puṣyo na rāghava ,
procyate brāhmaṇaiḥ prājñaiḥ kena tvamasi durmanāḥ.

8. adya bārhaspataḥ śrīmān yuktaḥ puṣyaḥ na rāghava
procyate brāhmaṇaiḥ prājñaiḥ kena tvam asi durmanāḥ

8. rāghava adya śrīmān bārhaspataḥ puṣyaḥ (yuktaḥ) na (asti)
prājñaiḥ brāhmaṇaiḥ procyate kena tvam durmanāḥ asi

8. O Rāghava, today is the auspicious Puṣya (nakṣatra), presided over by Bṛhaspati, as declared by wise Brahmins. So why are you dispirited?

Words meanings summery:

• अद्य (adya) - today

• बार्हस्पतः (bārhaspataḥ) - Referring to the lunar mansion (nakṣatra) presided over by Bṛhaspati (relating to Bṛhaspati (Jupiter); belonging to Bṛhaspati)

• श्रीमान् (śrīmān) - auspicious, glorious, prosperous, beautiful

• युक्तः (yuktaḥ) - Here, meaning that the moon is 'joined' or 'associated' with the Puṣya nakṣatra. (joined, connected, associated, endowed with, proper)

• पुष्यः (puṣyaḥ) - Puṣya (name of an auspicious lunar mansion or nakṣatra)

• न (na) - Used here as an interrogative particle, implying 'isn't it so?' (not, no; (as interrogative) isn't it?)

• राघव (rāghava) - A patronymic epithet for Rāma (O descendant of Raghu! (addressing Rāma))

• प्रोच्यते (procyate) - it is declared, it is spoken, it is said

• ब्राह्मणैः (brāhmaṇaiḥ) - by Brahmins, by learned priests

• प्राज्ञैः (prājñaiḥ) - by the wise, by the intelligent

• केन (kena) - Used here to inquire 'why' or 'for what reason' (by what, by whom, why)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you (singular)

• असि (asi) - you are

• दुर्मनाः (durmanāḥ) - dispirited, dejected, sad, ill-minded

Words meanings and morphology

अद्य (adya) - today

(indeclinable)

बार्हस्पतः (bārhaspataḥ) - Referring to the lunar mansion (nakṣatra) presided over by Bṛhaspati (relating to Bṛhaspati (Jupiter); belonging to Bṛhaspati)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bārhaspata

bārhaspata - relating to Bṛhaspati, sacred to Bṛhaspati

Taddhita (secondary derivative) from Bṛhaspati (name of a deity, preceptor of gods)

श्रीमान् (śrīmān) - auspicious, glorious, prosperous, beautiful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrīmat

śrīmat - auspicious, glorious, prosperous, beautiful, fortunate

Derived with the matup affix from 'śrī' (splendor, prosperity)

युक्तः (yuktaḥ) - Here, meaning that the moon is 'joined' or 'associated' with the Puṣya nakṣatra. (joined, connected, associated, endowed with, proper)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yukta

yukta - joined, connected, fitted, engaged, proper, suitable

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √yuj (to join, to connect)

Root: yuj (class 7)

पुष्यः (puṣyaḥ) - Puṣya (name of an auspicious lunar mansion or nakṣatra)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of puṣya

puṣya - Puṣya (the eighth lunar mansion, considered auspicious)

न (na) - Used here as an interrogative particle, implying 'isn't it so?' (not, no; (as interrogative) isn't it?)

(indeclinable)

राघव (rāghava) - A patronymic epithet for Rāma (O descendant of Raghu! (addressing Rāma))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu, Rāma

Taddhita (secondary derivative) from Raghu

प्रोच्यते (procyate) - it is declared, it is spoken, it is said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of pra√vac

Prefix: pra

Root: vac (class 2)

ब्राह्मणैः (brāhmaṇaiḥ) - by Brahmins, by learned priests

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - Brahmin, one belonging to the priestly class, learned person

प्राज्ञैः (prājñaiḥ) - by the wise, by the intelligent

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of prājña

prājña - wise, discerning, intelligent, knowing

केन (kena) - Used here to inquire 'why' or 'for what reason' (by what, by whom, why)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who; (as interrogative adverb) why, how

त्वम् (tvam) - you (singular)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of √as

Root: as (class 2)

दुर्मनाः (durmanāḥ) - dispirited, dejected, sad, ill-minded

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of durmanas

durmanas - sad, dejected, ill-minded, wicked

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dur+manas)

• dur – bad, evil, difficult (prefix)
  indeclinable
• manas – mind, intellect, spirit, heart
  noun (neuter)

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