वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-23, verse-23

भरतस्य समीपे ते नाहं कथ्यः कदा चन ।
ऋद्धियुक्ता हि पुरुषा न सहन्ते परस्तवम् ।
तस्मान्न ते गुणाः कथ्या भरतस्याग्रतो मम ॥२३॥

23. bharatasya samīpe te nāhaṃ kathyaḥ kadā cana ,
ṛddhiyuktā hi puruṣā na sahante parastavam ,
tasmānna te guṇāḥ kathyā bharatasyāgrato mama.

23. bharatasya samīpe te na aham kathyaḥ
kadā cana ṛddhiyuktāḥ hi puruṣāḥ
na sahante parastavam tasmāt na te
guṇāḥ kathyāḥ bharatasya agrataḥ mama

23. te bharatasya samīpe aham kadā cana na kathyaḥ hi ṛddhiyuktāḥ puruṣāḥ parastavam na sahante tasmāt te guṇāḥ mama bharatasya agrataḥ na kathyāḥ ।

23. You should never mention me in Bharata's presence. For indeed, prosperous individuals do not tolerate the praise of others. Therefore, neither your qualities nor mine should be spoken of before Bharata.

Words meanings summery:

• भरतस्य (bharatasya) - of Bharata

• समीपे (samīpe) - near, in the vicinity, in the presence

• ते (te) - by you (Lakṣmaṇa or Sītā) (by you, your)

• न (na) - not

• अहम् (aham) - I

• कथ्यः (kathyaḥ) - I should not be mentioned (to be spoken of, to be mentioned)

• कदा (kadā) - when

• चन (cana) - never (with kadā) (even, also)

• ऋद्धियुक्ताः (ṛddhiyuktāḥ) - endowed with prosperity, powerful

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• पुरुषाः (puruṣāḥ) - persons, men

• न (na) - not

• सहन्ते (sahante) - they tolerate, they bear

• परस्तवम् (parastavam) - praise of others, eulogy of others

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

• न (na) - not

• ते (te) - your, of you

• गुणाः (guṇāḥ) - qualities, merits

• कथ्याः (kathyāḥ) - to be spoken of, to be mentioned

• भरतस्य (bharatasya) - of Bharata

• अग्रतः (agrataḥ) - in front of, before

• मम (mama) - mine (my qualities) (my, mine, of me)

Words meanings and morphology

भरतस्य (bharatasya) - of Bharata

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bharata

bharata - Bharata (proper name of Rāma's brother), actor

समीपे (samīpe) - near, in the vicinity, in the presence

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of samīpa

samīpa - near, close, proximity

ते (te) - by you (Lakṣmaṇa or Sītā) (by you, your)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Agent of the gerundive 'kathyaḥ'.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

कथ्यः (kathyaḥ) - I should not be mentioned (to be spoken of, to be mentioned)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kathya

kathya - to be said, to be told, to be mentioned

Gerundive

Derived from root √kath (to tell, relate).

Root: kath (class 10)

Note: Agrees with 'aham'.

कदा (kadā) - when

(indeclinable)

चन (cana) - never (with kadā) (even, also)

(indeclinable)

ऋद्धियुक्ताः (ṛddhiyuktāḥ) - endowed with prosperity, powerful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ṛddhiyukta

ṛddhiyukta - endowed with prosperity, successful, wealthy

Compound of ṛddhi (prosperity) and yukta (joined, endowed).

Compound type : instrumental-tatpuruṣa (ṛddhi+yukta)

• ṛddhi – prosperity, success, wealth, power
  noun (feminine)
• yukta – joined, united, endowed with, fit, proper
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √yuj (to join).
  Root: yuj (class 7)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

पुरुषाः (puruṣāḥ) - persons, men

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of puruṣa

puruṣa - person, man, male, human being, the Supreme Person (puruṣa)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

सहन्ते (sahante) - they tolerate, they bear

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (lat) of sah

Present Tense, 3rd Person Plural, Middle Voice

Root: sah (class 1)

परस्तवम् (parastavam) - praise of others, eulogy of others

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of parastava

parastava - praise of others, eulogy of others

Compound of para (other) and stava (praise).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (para+stava)

• para – other, another, external
  adjective (masculine)
• stava – praise, eulogy, hymn
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root √stu (to praise).
  Root: stu (class 2)

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - your, of you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

गुणाः (guṇāḥ) - qualities, merits

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of guṇa

guṇa - quality, virtue, merit, attribute

कथ्याः (kathyāḥ) - to be spoken of, to be mentioned

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kathya

kathya - to be said, to be told, to be mentioned

Gerundive

Derived from root √kath (to tell, relate).

Root: kath (class 10)

Note: Agrees with 'guṇāḥ'.

भरतस्य (bharatasya) - of Bharata

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bharata

bharata - Bharata (proper name of Rāma's brother), actor

अग्रतः (agrataḥ) - in front of, before

(indeclinable)

मम (mama) - mine (my qualities) (my, mine, of me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Implied 'guṇāḥ' (qualities) after 'mama'.

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