वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-23, verse-18

इतीव विलपन्तीं तां प्रोवाच रघुनन्दनः ।
सीते तत्रभवांस्तात प्रव्राजयति मां वनम् ॥१८॥

18. itīva vilapantīṃ tāṃ provāca raghunandanaḥ ,
sīte tatrabhavāṃstāta pravrājayati māṃ vanam.

18. iti iva vilapantīm tām provāca raghunandanaḥ
sīte tatrabhavān tāta pravrājayati mām vanam

18. raghunandanaḥ iti iva vilapantīm tām provāca
sīte tatrabhavān tāta mām vanam pravrājayati

18. To her, who was lamenting in this manner, Rāma (the delight of the Raghu dynasty) spoke: "Sītā, that venerable father is sending me into exile in the forest."

Words meanings summery:

• इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, so

• इव (iva) - like, as if, as, indeed

• विलपन्तीम् (vilapantīm) - lamenting, weeping, crying aloud

• ताम् (tām) - referring to Sītā (her, that (female))

• प्रोवाच (provāca) - spoke, said, declared

• रघुनन्दनः (raghunandanaḥ) - Rāma (delight of Raghu, son of Raghu (an epithet for Rāma))

• सीते (sīte) - O Sītā

• तत्रभवान् (tatrabhavān) - referring to King Daśaratha (that venerable person, Your Honor)

• तात (tāta) - O father (father, dear one (vocative))

• प्रव्राजयति (pravrājayati) - sends me into exile (sends into exile, causes to wander, banishes)

• माम् (mām) - me

• वनम् (vanam) - to the forest (for exile) (forest, wood, grove)

Words meanings and morphology

इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

इव (iva) - like, as if, as, indeed

(indeclinable)

विलपन्तीम् (vilapantīm) - lamenting, weeping, crying aloud

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vilapantī

vilapant - lamenting, weeping (present active participle)

Present Active Participle

Derived from root lap with prefix vi.

Prefix: vi

Root: lap (class 1)

Note: Used here as an adjective modifying 'her'.

ताम् (tām) - referring to Sītā (her, that (female))

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

प्रोवाच (provāca) - spoke, said, declared

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of pravac

Perfect tense form.

Prefix: pra

Root: vac (class 2)

रघुनन्दनः (raghunandanaḥ) - Rāma (delight of Raghu, son of Raghu (an epithet for Rāma))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of raghunandana

raghunandana - delight of Raghu, son of Raghu (Rāma)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (raghu+nandana)

• raghu – Raghu (name of an ancient king, ancestor of Rāma)
  proper noun (masculine)
• nandana – son, child, delight
  noun (masculine)
  Root: nand (class 1)

सीते (sīte) - O Sītā

(proper noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of sītā

sītā - Sītā (Rāma's wife)

तत्रभवान् (tatrabhavān) - referring to King Daśaratha (that venerable person, Your Honor)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tatrabhavat

tatrabhavat - that venerable person, Your Honor, His Majesty (honorific)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tatra+bhavat)

• tatra – there, in that place
  indeclinable
• bhavat – your honor, you (honorific pronoun)
  pronoun (masculine)
  Present active participle of √bhū, used as an honorific.
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Functions as a respectful address or reference to the father.

तात (tāta) - O father (father, dear one (vocative))

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - father, dear one, beloved (term of endearment, often vocative)

प्रव्राजयति (pravrājayati) - sends me into exile (sends into exile, causes to wander, banishes)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of pravrājaya

Causative form of the root.

Root vraj with prefix pra, in causative conjugation.

Prefix: pra

Root: vraj (class 1)

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of aham

aham - I (first person pronoun)

वनम् (vanam) - to the forest (for exile) (forest, wood, grove)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove, thicket

Note: Accusative case indicates direction 'to the forest'.

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