वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-23, verse-19

कुले महति संभूते धर्मज्ञे धर्मचारिणि ।
शृणु जानकि येनेदं क्रमेणाभ्यागतं मम ॥१९॥

19. kule mahati saṃbhūte dharmajñe dharmacāriṇi ,
śṛṇu jānaki yenedaṃ krameṇābhyāgataṃ mama.

19. kule mahati sambhūte dharmajñe dharmacāriṇi
śṛṇu jāṇaki yena idam krameṇa abhyāgatam mama

19. jāṇaki mahati kule sambhūte dharmajñe dharmacāriṇi
śṛṇu yena idam krameṇa mama abhyāgatam

19. O Jānakī, you who are born in a great lineage, who understand natural law (dharma) and abide by natural law (dharma), listen to how this situation has gradually come upon me.

Words meanings summery:

• कुले (kule) - in the family, in the lineage, in the race

• महति (mahati) - in a great (noble) family (great, large, vast, noble)

• सम्भूते (sambhūte) - you who are born (in a great family) (born, arisen, produced)

• धर्मज्ञे (dharmajñe) - O you who know natural law (dharma) (who knows natural law (dharma), righteous, wise in law)

• धर्मचारिणि (dharmacāriṇi) - O you who abide by natural law (dharma) (who practices natural law (dharma), righteous)

• शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen, hear

• जाणकि (jāṇaki) - O Jānakī (a name of Sītā, daughter of Janaka)

• येन (yena) - by what means (this has come upon me) (by which, by what means, whereby)

• इदम् (idam) - this (situation, predicament) (this, this here)

• क्रमेण (krameṇa) - gradually, in due course, successively, in order

• अभ्यागतम् (abhyāgatam) - has occurred or befallen (arrived, occurred, approached, befallen)

• मम (mama) - to me (my, to me, for me)

Words meanings and morphology

कुले (kule) - in the family, in the lineage, in the race

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of kula

kula - family, lineage, race, clan

महति (mahati) - in a great (noble) family (great, large, vast, noble)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, vast, noble

Note: Agrees with 'kule'.

सम्भूते (sambhūte) - you who are born (in a great family) (born, arisen, produced)

(adjective)

Vocative, feminine, singular of sambhūta

sambhūta - born, produced, arisen (past passive participle)

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root bhū with prefix sam.

Prefix: sam

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Used here as an adjective in vocative case, referring to Sītā.

धर्मज्ञे (dharmajñe) - O you who know natural law (dharma) (who knows natural law (dharma), righteous, wise in law)

(adjective)

Vocative, feminine, singular of dharmajña

dharmajña - knower of dharma, righteous, skilled in law

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+jña)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)
• jña – knower, understanding
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root jñā (to know).
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Refers to Sītā.

धर्मचारिणि (dharmacāriṇi) - O you who abide by natural law (dharma) (who practices natural law (dharma), righteous)

(adjective)

Vocative, feminine, singular of dharmacārin

dharmacārin - practicer of dharma, righteous, dutiful

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+cārin)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)
• cārin – going, moving, practicing, following
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root car (to move, to practice).
  Root: car (class 1)

Note: Refers to Sītā.

शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen, hear

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of śṛ

Imperative mood.

Root: śṛ (class 5)

जाणकि (jāṇaki) - O Jānakī (a name of Sītā, daughter of Janaka)

(proper noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of jāṇaki

jāṇaki - Jānakī (daughter of Janaka, an epithet for Sītā)

येन (yena) - by what means (this has come upon me) (by which, by what means, whereby)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that (relative pronoun)

इदम् (idam) - this (situation, predicament) (this, this here)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this here

क्रमेण (krameṇa) - gradually, in due course, successively, in order

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of krama

krama - step, order, succession, course

Root: kram (class 1)

अभ्यागतम् (abhyāgatam) - has occurred or befallen (arrived, occurred, approached, befallen)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of abhyāgata

abhyāgata - arrived, come, approached, happened (past passive participle)

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root gam with prefixes abhi and ā.

Prefixes: abhi+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'idam'.

मम (mama) - to me (my, to me, for me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of aham

aham - I (first person pronoun)

Note: Here with a dative sense: 'to me'.

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