वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-102, verse-31

स राघवाणां कुलधर्ममात्मनः सनातनं नाद्य विहातुमर्हसि ।
प्रभूतरत्नामनुशाधि मेदिनीं प्रभूतराष्ट्रां पितृवन्महायशाः ॥३१॥

31. sa rāghavāṇāṃ kuladharmamātmanaḥ sanātanaṃ nādya vihātumarhasi ,
prabhūtaratnāmanuśādhi medinīṃ prabhūtarāṣṭrāṃ pitṛvanmahāyaśāḥ.

31. sa rāghavāṇām kula-dharmam ātmanaḥ
sanātanam na adya vihātum arhasi
prabhūta-ratnām anuśādhi medinīm
prabhūta-rāṣṭrām pitṛ-vat mahā-yaśaḥ

31. saḥ mahā-yaśaḥ rāghavāṇām ātmanaḥ
sanātanam kula-dharmam adya na
vihātum arhasi pitṛ-vat prabhūta-ratnām
prabhūta-rāṣṭrām medinīm anuśādhi

31. O glorious one, you should not abandon today your own eternal family tradition (kuladharma) of the Raghus. Rule the earth, which is abundant in gems and rich in kingdoms, like a father.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - You (referring to Rāma) (he, that)

• राघवाणाम् (rāghavāṇām) - of the Raghus (of the Raghus, of the descendants of Raghu)

• कुल-धर्मम् (kula-dharmam) - family tradition (kuladharma) (family tradition, family law, family duty)

• आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - your own (of oneself, one's own, of the self (ātman))

• सनातनम् (sanātanam) - eternal (eternal, perpetual, ancient)

• न (na) - not

• अद्य (adya) - today (today, now)

• विहातुम् (vihātum) - to abandon (to abandon, to leave, to give up)

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you should (not abandon) (you ought, you are able, you deserve)

• प्रभूत-रत्नाम् (prabhūta-ratnām) - abundant in gems (abundant in gems, rich in jewels)

• अनुशाधि (anuśādhi) - rule (rule, govern, instruct)

• मेदिनीम् (medinīm) - the earth (the earth, the ground)

• प्रभूत-राष्ट्राम् (prabhūta-rāṣṭrām) - rich in kingdoms (abundant in kingdoms/countries)

• पितृ-वत् (pitṛ-vat) - like a father (like a father, paternally)

• महा-यशः (mahā-yaśaḥ) - O glorious one (very famous, glorious, illustrious)

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - You (referring to Rāma) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that; he/she/it

Note: Used here to address Rāma in the 2nd person (like 'you, that renowned one').

राघवाणाम् (rāghavāṇām) - of the Raghus (of the Raghus, of the descendants of Raghu)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of rāghava

rāghava - a descendant of Raghu; an epithet for Rāma

कुल-धर्मम् (kula-dharmam) - family tradition (kuladharma) (family tradition, family law, family duty)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kuladharma

kuladharma - family tradition; family duty; family law

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kula+dharma)

• kula – family; lineage; race; clan
  noun (neuter)
• dharma – righteousness; natural law; duty; religion; constitution
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - your own (of oneself, one's own, of the self (ātman))

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self; soul; essence; breath

Root: an (class 2)

सनातनम् (sanātanam) - eternal (eternal, perpetual, ancient)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sanātana

sanātana - eternal; perpetual; ancient; permanent

Note: Agrees with 'kuladharmam'.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

अद्य (adya) - today (today, now)

(indeclinable)

विहातुम् (vihātum) - to abandon (to abandon, to leave, to give up)

(verb)

active, infinitive of vihā

Infinitive

Infinitive form of root √hā (to abandon) with prefix vi-

Prefix: vi

Root: hā (class 3)

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you should (not abandon) (you ought, you are able, you deserve)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Root: arh (class 1)

Note: Often used with infinitive.

प्रभूत-रत्नाम् (prabhūta-ratnām) - abundant in gems (abundant in gems, rich in jewels)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of prabhūtaratna

prabhūtaratna - abundant in gems/jewels

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (prabhūta+ratna)

• prabhūta – abundant; much; numerous; produced
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √bhū (to be) with prefix pra-
  Prefix: pra
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• ratna – gem; jewel; treasure
  noun (neuter)

अनुशाधि (anuśādhi) - rule (rule, govern, instruct)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of anuśās

Prefix: anu

Root: śās (class 2)

मेदिनीम् (medinīm) - the earth (the earth, the ground)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of medinī

medinī - the earth; ground; soil

प्रभूत-राष्ट्राम् (prabhūta-rāṣṭrām) - rich in kingdoms (abundant in kingdoms/countries)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of prabhūtarāṣṭra

prabhūtarāṣṭra - abundant in kingdoms/countries

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (prabhūta+rāṣṭra)

• prabhūta – abundant; much; numerous; produced
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √bhū (to be) with prefix pra-
  Prefix: pra
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• rāṣṭra – kingdom; country; nation
  noun (neuter)

पितृ-वत् (pitṛ-vat) - like a father (like a father, paternally)

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'pitṛ' (father) with suffix '-vat' (like)

महा-यशः (mahā-yaśaḥ) - O glorious one (very famous, glorious, illustrious)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahāyaśas

mahāyaśas - very famous; glorious; illustrious

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+yaśas)

• mahā – great; large; mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• yaśas – fame; glory; reputation
  noun (neuter)

Note: Used as a vocative adjective here.