वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-102, verse-1

क्रुद्धमाज्ञाय रामं तु वसिष्ठः प्रत्युवाच ह ।
जाबालिरपि जानीते लोकस्यास्य गतागतिम् ।
निवर्तयितुकामस्तु त्वामेतद्वाक्यमब्रवीत् ॥१॥

1. kruddhamājñāya rāmaṃ tu vasiṣṭhaḥ pratyuvāca ha ,
jābālirapi jānīte lokasyāsya gatāgatim ,
nivartayitukāmastu tvāmetadvākyamabravīt.

1. kruddham ājñāya rāmam tu vasiṣṭhaḥ
pratyuvāca ha jābāliḥ api jānīte
lokasya asya gatāgatim nivartayitukāmaḥ
tu tvām etat vākyam abravīt

1. vasiṣṭhaḥ tu kruddham rāmam ājñāya
ha pratyuvāca jābāliḥ api asya
lokasya gatāgatim jānīte tu tvām
nivartayitukāmaḥ etat vākyam abravīt

1. Indeed, upon seeing Rama enraged, Vasishtha replied. Jabali too understands the cycle of coming and going (saṃsāra) in this world; however, desiring to turn you back, he spoke those words.

Words meanings summery:

• क्रुद्धम् (kruddham) - enraged, angry

• आज्ञाय (ājñāya) - having known, having perceived, having understood

• रामम् (rāmam) - Rama

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• वसिष्ठः (vasiṣṭhaḥ) - Vasishtha (a proper noun)

• प्रत्युवाच (pratyuvāca) - he replied

• ह (ha) - indeed, certainly

• जाबालिः (jābāliḥ) - Jabali (a proper noun)

• अपि (api) - also, even

• जानीते (jānīte) - he knows, he understands

• लोकस्य (lokasya) - of the world, of the people

• अस्य (asya) - of this

• गतागतिम् (gatāgatim) - the coming and going, the cycle of birth and death (saṃsāra)

• निवर्तयितुकामः (nivartayitukāmaḥ) - desiring to turn back, wishing to dissuade

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• त्वाम् (tvām) - you (accusative)

• एतत् (etat) - this

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - word, speech, statement

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

Words meanings and morphology

क्रुद्धम् (kruddham) - enraged, angry

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kruddha

kruddha - enraged, angry, furious

Past Passive Participle

From root krudh (to be angry)

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Adjective modifying Rāmam.

आज्ञाय (ājñāya) - having known, having perceived, having understood

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root jñā (to know) with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: jñā (class 9)

रामम् (rāmam) - Rama

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (a proper noun), pleasing

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Object of ājñāya.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

Particle

वसिष्ठः (vasiṣṭhaḥ) - Vasishtha (a proper noun)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vasiṣṭha

vasiṣṭha - Vasishtha (a revered Vedic sage), most excellent

Superlative of vasu (good)

Note: Subject of pratyuvāca.

प्रत्युवाच (pratyuvāca) - he replied

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of pratīvac

Perfect Active

3rd person singular, from root vac (to speak) with prefix prati

Prefix: prati

Root: vac (class 2)

ह (ha) - indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle

जाबालिः (jābāliḥ) - Jabali (a proper noun)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jābāli

jābāli - Jabali (a sage who advocates materialism in the Rāmāyaṇa)

Note: Subject of jānīte.

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

Particle

जानीते (jānīte) - he knows, he understands

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of jñā

Present Middle Indicative

3rd person singular

Root: jñā (class 9)

लोकस्य (lokasya) - of the world, of the people

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, realm, people

From root lok (to see)

Root: lok (class 1)

अस्य (asya) - of this

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, here

Demonstrative pronoun, masculine genitive singular

Note: Adjective for lokasya.

गतागतिम् (gatāgatim) - the coming and going, the cycle of birth and death (saṃsāra)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gatāgati

gatāgati - coming and going, transmigration

Compound type : dvandva (gata+āgati)

• gata – gone, departed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Particple
  From root gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)
• āgati – coming, return, arrival
  noun (feminine)
  From root gam (to go) with prefix ā
  Prefix: ā
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Object of jānīte.

निवर्तयितुकामः (nivartayitukāmaḥ) - desiring to turn back, wishing to dissuade

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nivartayitukāma

nivartayitukāma - desirous of turning back/dissuading

Compound of infinitive (nivartayitum) + kāma (desirous)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nivartayitum+kāma)

• nivartayitum – to turn back, to dissuade
  indeclinable
  Infinitive
  From root vṛt (to turn) with prefix ni, in causative form (vartay)
  Prefix: ni
  Root: vṛt (class 1)
• kāma – desire, wish
  noun (masculine)
  From root kam (to desire)
  Root: kam (class 1)

Note: Refers to Jabali.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

Particle

त्वाम् (tvām) - you (accusative)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

2nd person pronoun, accusative singular

Note: Object of nivartayitu (implied by nivartayitukāma).

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, that

Demonstrative pronoun, neuter nominative/accusative singular

Note: Adjective for vākyam.

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - word, speech, statement

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - word, speech, statement, sentence

From root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of abravīt.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect Active Indicative

3rd person singular, from root brū/vac (to speak)

Root: brū (class 2)