महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-36, verse-31

मांसकर्दमपङ्काश्च शोणितौघाः सुदारुणाः ।
नदीः प्रवर्तयामासुर्यमराष्ट्रविवर्धनीः ॥३१॥

31. māṁsakardamapaṅkāśca śoṇitaughāḥ sudāruṇāḥ ,
nadīḥ pravartayāmāsuryamarāṣṭravivardhanīḥ.

31. māṃsakardamapaṅkāśca śoṇitaughāḥ sudāruṇāḥ
nadīḥ pravartayāmāsuryamarāṣṭravivardhanīḥ

31. sudāruṇāḥ māṃsakardamapaṅkāḥ ca śoṇitaughāḥ
yamarāṣṭravivardhanīḥ nadīḥ pravartayāmāsuḥ

31. Extremely dreadful rivers of mud made of flesh, along with torrents of blood, began to flow, increasing the realm of Yama.

Words meanings summery:

• मांसकर्दमपङ्काः (māṁsakardamapaṅkāḥ) - mud consisting of flesh, mire of flesh

• च (ca) - and

• शोणितौघाः (śoṇitaughāḥ) - floods of blood, torrents of blood

• सुदारुणाः (sudāruṇāḥ) - very dreadful, extremely terrifying, highly cruel

• नदीः (nadīḥ) - rivers

• प्रवर्तयामासुः (pravartayāmāsuḥ) - caused to flow, set in motion, brought forth

• यमराष्ट्रविवर्धनीः (yamarāṣṭravivardhanīḥ) - increasing the realm of Yama, enhancing the domain of death

Words meanings and morphology

मांसकर्दमपङ्काः (māṁsakardamapaṅkāḥ) - mud consisting of flesh, mire of flesh

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of māṃsakardamapaṅka

māṁsakardamapaṅka - mud of flesh, mire of flesh

A tatpurusha or karmadhāraya compound formed by māṃsa (flesh) and kardamapaṅka (mud/mire).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (māṃsa+kardamapaṅka)

• māṃsa – flesh, meat
  noun (neuter)
• kardamapaṅka – mud, mire, sludge
  noun (masculine)

Note: With sandhi change before ca.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

शोणितौघाः (śoṇitaughāḥ) - floods of blood, torrents of blood

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śoṇitaugha

śoṇitaugha - flood of blood, stream of blood

Tatpurusha compound of śoṇita (blood) and ogha (flood/stream).

Compound type : tatpurusha (śoṇita+ogha)

• śoṇita – blood
  noun (neuter)
• ogha – flood, stream, torrent
  noun (masculine)

सुदारुणाः (sudāruṇāḥ) - very dreadful, extremely terrifying, highly cruel

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sudāruṇa

sudāruṇa - very dreadful, extremely harsh

Karmadhāraya compound of su (very) and dāruṇa (dreadful).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+dāruṇa)

• su – well, very
  indeclinable
• dāruṇa – dreadful, severe, cruel
  adjective (masculine)

नदीः (nadīḥ) - rivers

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of nadī

nadī - river

प्रवर्तयामासुः (pravartayāmāsuḥ) - caused to flow, set in motion, brought forth

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of pravartay

Causative present stem used with auxiliary as peruric perfect

From root vṛt with prefix pra in causative (ṇic).

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 10)

Note: Periphrastic perfect form with ām

यमराष्ट्रविवर्धनीः (yamarāṣṭravivardhanīḥ) - increasing the realm of Yama, enhancing the domain of death

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, plural of yamarāṣṭravivardhanī

yamarāṣṭravivardhanī - increasing Yama's realm

Tatpurusha compound of yamarāṣṭra (realm of Yama) and vivardhanī (increasing, feminine form of vivardhana).

Compound type : tatpurusha (yamarāṣṭra+vivardhana)

• yamarāṣṭra – realm of Yama, domain of death
  noun (neuter)
  Tatpurusha compound of yama and rāṣṭra.
• vivardhana – increasing, augmenting
  adjective (masculine)
  From vṛdh with vi.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: vṛdh (class 1)

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