महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-63, verse-21

दीर्घो द्वादशगव्यूतिः पश्चार्धे पञ्च विस्तृतः ।
व्यूहः स चक्रशकटो भारद्वाजेन निर्मितः ॥२१॥

21. dīrgho dvādaśagavyūtiḥ paścārdhe pañca vistṛtaḥ ,
vyūhaḥ sa cakraśakaṭo bhāradvājena nirmitaḥ.

21. dīrghaḥ dvādaśagavyūtiḥ paścārdhe pañca vistṛtaḥ
vyūhaḥ saḥ cakrasakaṭaḥ bhāradvājena nirmitaḥ

21. saḥ vyūhaḥ dvādaśagavyūtiḥ dīrghaḥ paścārdhe
pañca vistṛtaḥ cakrasakaṭaḥ bhāradvājena nirmitaḥ

21. That military array (vyūha), twelve gavūtis long and five [gavūtis] wide in the rear half, resembling a wheel and a cart, was constructed by Bhāradvāja (Droṇa).

Words meanings summery:

• दीर्घः (dīrghaḥ) - long

• द्वादशगव्यूतिः (dvādaśagavyūtiḥ) - twelve gavūtis (long)

• पश्चार्धे (paścārdhe) - in the rear half

• पञ्च (pañca) - five (gavūtis) (five)

• विस्तृतः (vistṛtaḥ) - wide (spread out, wide, extended)

• व्यूहः (vyūhaḥ) - military array, formation

• सः (saḥ) - that

• चक्रसकटः (cakrasakaṭaḥ) - (resembling) a wheel and a cart

• भारद्वाजेन (bhāradvājena) - by Droṇa (who was a descendant of Bharadvāja) (by Bhāradvāja (Droṇa))

• निर्मितः (nirmitaḥ) - constructed, built, formed

Words meanings and morphology

दीर्घः (dīrghaḥ) - long

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dīrgha

dīrgha - long, tall, extensive

द्वादशगव्यूतिः (dvādaśagavyūtiḥ) - twelve gavūtis (long)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dvādaśagavyūti

dvādaśagavyūti - twelve gavūtis (a measure of distance, approx. 2 miles or 3.2 km per gavūti)

Compound of `dvādaśa` (twelve) and `gavyūti` (a measure of distance).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dvādaśa+gavyūti)

• dvādaśa – twelve
  numeral
• gavyūti – distance of two krośas, a measure of distance (approx 2 miles)
  noun (feminine)

Note: Used as an adjective describing the `vyūha`.

पश्चार्धे (paścārdhe) - in the rear half

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of paścārdha

paścārdha - rear half, latter half

Compound of `paśca` (rear, west) and `ardha` (half).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (paśca+ardha)

• paśca – rear, behind, western
  indeclinable
• ardha – half, part
  noun (masculine)

पञ्च (pañca) - five (gavūtis) (five)

(numeral)

Note: Acts as an adjective for an implied 'gavūtis'.

विस्तृतः (vistṛtaḥ) - wide (spread out, wide, extended)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vistṛta

vistṛta - extended, spread out, wide

Past Passive Participle

From root `stṛ` (to spread) with prefix `vi`.

Prefix: vi

Root: stṛ (class 5)

व्यूहः (vyūhaḥ) - military array, formation

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyūha

vyūha - military array, formation, disposition of troops

From root `ūh` (to arrange) with prefix `vi`.

Prefix: vi

Root: ūh (class 1)

Note: Main subject.

सः (saḥ) - that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

चक्रसकटः (cakrasakaṭaḥ) - (resembling) a wheel and a cart

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of cakrasakaṭa

cakrasakaṭa - (resembling) a wheel and a cart; a specific military formation

Tatpuruṣa compound, but likely a dvandva compound here 'wheel and cart' as a descriptive.

Compound type : itaretara dvandva (cakra+sakaṭa)

• cakra – wheel, discus, circle
  noun (neuter)
• sakaṭa – cart, wagon
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with `vyūhaḥ`.

भारद्वाजेन (bhāradvājena) - by Droṇa (who was a descendant of Bharadvāja) (by Bhāradvāja (Droṇa))

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhāradvāja

bhāradvāja - descendant of Bharadvāja; a patronymic, specifically Droṇa in this context

From `bharadvāja` (name of a sage) + `aṇ` (patronymic suffix).

Note: Agent of the passive verb `nirmitaḥ`.

निर्मितः (nirmitaḥ) - constructed, built, formed

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nirmita

nirmita - created, constructed, formed, made

Past Passive Participle

From root `mā` (to measure, build) with prefix `nir`.

Prefix: nir

Root: mā (class 2)