महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-63, verse-3

विस्फार्य च धनूंष्याजौ ज्याः करैः परिमृज्य च ।
विनिःश्वसन्तः प्राक्रोशन्क्वेदानीं स धनंजयः ॥३॥

3. visphārya ca dhanūṁṣyājau jyāḥ karaiḥ parimṛjya ca ,
viniḥśvasantaḥ prākrośankvedānīṁ sa dhanaṁjayaḥ.

3. visphārya ca dhanūṃṣi ājau jyāḥ karaiḥ parimṛjya ca
viniḥśvasantaḥ prākrośan kva idānīm saḥ dhanaṃjayaḥ

3. dhanūṃṣi ājau visphārya ca karaiḥ jyāḥ parimṛjya ca
viniḥśvasantaḥ prākrośan saḥ dhanaṃjayaḥ idānīm kva

3. Stretching their bows for battle, and stroking the bowstrings with their hands, they sighed and cried out, 'Where is that Arjuna now?'

Words meanings summery:

• विस्फार्य (visphārya) - having stretched (their bows) (having stretched, having opened wide)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• धनूंषि (dhanūṁṣi) - bows

• आजौ (ājau) - in battle (in battle, in the fight)

• ज्याः (jyāḥ) - bowstrings

• करैः (karaiḥ) - with their hands (by hands)

• परिमृज्य (parimṛjya) - having stroked (the bowstrings) (having stroked, having wiped, having polished)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• विनिःश्वसन्तः (viniḥśvasantaḥ) - sighing (sighing, breathing out)

• प्राक्रोशन् (prākrośan) - they cried out (they cried out, they shouted)

• क्व (kva) - where (where, anywhere)

• इदानीम् (idānīm) - now (now, at this time)

• सः (saḥ) - that (he, that (masculine singular nominative))

• धनंजयः (dhanaṁjayaḥ) - Arjuna (conqueror of wealth, Arjuna)

Words meanings and morphology

विस्फार्य (visphārya) - having stretched (their bows) (having stretched, having opened wide)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root `sphāy` (to swell, grow) with `vi` prefix, forming an absolutive.

Prefix: vi

Root: sphāy (class 1)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

धनूंषि (dhanūṁṣi) - bows

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of dhanus

dhanus - bow, weapon

आजौ (ājau) - in battle (in battle, in the fight)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of āji

āji - battle, fight, race

Root: aj (class 1)

ज्याः (jyāḥ) - bowstrings

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of jyā

jyā - bowstring, earth, mother

करैः (karaiḥ) - with their hands (by hands)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kara

kara - hand, ray, tax, trunk of an elephant

Root: kṛ (class 8)

परिमृज्य (parimṛjya) - having stroked (the bowstrings) (having stroked, having wiped, having polished)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root `mṛj` (to wipe, clean) with `pari` prefix.

Prefix: pari

Root: mṛj (class 2)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

विनिःश्वसन्तः (viniḥśvasantaḥ) - sighing (sighing, breathing out)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of viniḥśvasat

viniḥśvasat - sighing, breathing out, exhaling

Present Active Participle

Derived from root `śvas` (to breathe) with `vi` + `nis` prefixes.

Prefixes: vi+nis

Root: śvas (class 2)

प्राक्रोशन् (prākrośan) - they cried out (they cried out, they shouted)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of kruś

imperfect

root with `pra` prefix

Prefix: pra

Root: kruś (class 1)

क्व (kva) - where (where, anywhere)

(indeclinable)

interrogative adverb

इदानीम् (idānīm) - now (now, at this time)

(indeclinable)

temporal adverb

सः (saḥ) - that (he, that (masculine singular nominative))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

धनंजयः (dhanaṁjayaḥ) - Arjuna (conqueror of wealth, Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhanaṃjaya

dhanaṁjaya - conqueror of wealth, fire, a particular class of snakes, Arjuna

Compound formed from `dhana` (wealth) and `jaya` (victory/conquest).

Compound type : aluk-tatpurusha (dhana+jaya)

• dhana – wealth, riches, money
  noun (neuter)
• jaya – victory, triumph, conquest
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root `ji` (to conquer).
  Root: ji (class 1)