महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-63, verse-14

पदातीनां सहस्राणि दंशितान्येकविंशतिः ।
गव्यूतिषु त्रिमात्रेषु मामनासाद्य तिष्ठत ॥१४॥

14. padātīnāṁ sahasrāṇi daṁśitānyekaviṁśatiḥ ,
gavyūtiṣu trimātreṣu māmanāsādya tiṣṭhata.

14. padātīnām sahasrāṇi daṃśitāni ekaviṃśatiḥ
gavyūtiṣu trimātreṣu mām anāsādya tiṣṭhata

14. ekaviṃśatiḥ sahasrāṇi daṃśitāni padātīnām
mām anāsādya trimātreṣu gavyūtiṣu tiṣṭhata

14. And twenty-one thousand armored foot-soldiers [are there]. You all must remain at a distance of three leagues without approaching my position.

Words meanings summery:

• पदातीनाम् (padātīnām) - of foot-soldiers, infantry

• सहस्राणि (sahasrāṇi) - thousands

• दंशितानि (daṁśitāni) - armored, equipped with mail, protected

• एकविंशतिः (ekaviṁśatiḥ) - twenty-one

• गव्यूतिषु (gavyūtiṣu) - in leagues (measure of distance)

• त्रिमात्रेषु (trimātreṣu) - in three (gavyūti) leagues (in those of three measures, in three-fold)

• माम् (mām) - Droṇa (the speaker) (me)

• अनासाद्य (anāsādya) - without reaching, without approaching

• तिष्ठत (tiṣṭhata) - stand, remain

Words meanings and morphology

पदातीनाम् (padātīnām) - of foot-soldiers, infantry

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of padātin

padātin - foot-soldier, infantryman

From pada (foot) + atin (going)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pada+atin)

• pada – foot, step
  noun (neuter)
• atin – going, moving
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun/Adjective from root at (to go)
  Formed with suffix -in
  Root: at (class 1)

Note: Qualifies sahasrāṇi (thousands of foot-soldiers).

सहस्राणि (sahasrāṇi) - thousands

(numeral)

Note: This is an independent count.

दंशितानि (daṁśitāni) - armored, equipped with mail, protected

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of daṃśita

daṁśita - bitten, stung, armored, furnished with mail

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root daṃś (to bite) with suffix -ta, here meaning 'armed' or 'armored'.

Root: daṃś (class 1)

Note: Agrees with sahasrāṇi (meaning the thousands of foot-soldiers are armored).

एकविंशतिः (ekaviṁśatiḥ) - twenty-one

(numeral)

Compound type : dvandva (eka+viṃśati)

• eka – one, single
  numeral
• viṃśati – twenty
  numeral (feminine)

Note: Modifies sahasrāṇi (twenty-one thousands).

गव्यूतिषु (gavyūtiṣu) - in leagues (measure of distance)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, plural of gavyūti

gavyūti - a league (distance traversed by a cow), about 2 krośas or 8000 hastas

Compound: go (cow) + yūti (joining/going)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (go+yūti)

• go – cow, ox
  noun (feminine)
• yūti – joining, uniting, going, path
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from root yu (to join) or yā (to go)
  Root: yu/yā (class 2)

Note: Refers to the distance at which they should stand.

त्रिमात्रेषु (trimātreṣu) - in three (gavyūti) leagues (in those of three measures, in three-fold)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of trimātra

trimātra - having three measures, three-fold

Compound: tri (three) + mātrā (measure)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tri+mātrā)

• tri – three
  numeral
• mātrā – measure, quantity
  noun (feminine)
  Root: mā (class 2)

Note: Agrees with gavyūtiṣu.

माम् (mām) - Droṇa (the speaker) (me)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Object of anāsādya.

अनासाद्य (anāsādya) - without reaching, without approaching

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

Negative absolutive: na (not) + ā-sādya (having approached). Root sad (to sit, approach) with prefix ā-.

Compound type : prādisamāsa (na+āsādya)

• na – not, no
  indeclinable
• āsādya – having approached, having reached
  indeclinable
  absolutive/gerund
  Derived from root sad (to sit, approach) with prefix ā- and suffix -ya
  Prefix: ā
  Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Qualifies the action of tiṣṭhata.

तिष्ठत (tiṣṭhata) - stand, remain

(verb)

2nd person , plural, active, imperative (loṭ) of sthā

Imperative mood, 2nd person plural

Root sthā, 1st class (bhvādi), parasmaipada

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Command directed at Jayadratha and his protectors.