महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-63, verse-20

ततो दुःशासनश्चैव विकर्णश्च तवात्मजौ ।
सिन्धुराजार्थसिद्ध्यर्थमग्रानीके व्यवस्थितौ ॥२०॥

20. tato duḥśāsanaścaiva vikarṇaśca tavātmajau ,
sindhurājārthasiddhyarthamagrānīke vyavasthitau.

20. tataḥ duḥśāsanaḥ ca eva vikarṇaḥ ca tava ātmajau
sindhurājārthasiddhyartham agrānīke vyavasthitau

20. tataḥ tava ātmajau duḥśāsanaḥ ca eva vikarṇaḥ ca
sindhurājārthasiddhyartham agrānīke vyavasthitau

20. Then, your two sons, Duḥśāsana and Vikarṇa, are positioned in the vanguard to achieve the objective of the Sindhu king.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from there

• दुःशासनः (duḥśāsanaḥ) - Duḥśāsana (proper noun)

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - indeed, just, only

• विकर्णः (vikarṇaḥ) - Vikarṇa (proper noun)

• च (ca) - and

• तव (tava) - your, of you

• आत्मजौ (ātmajau) - your two sons (two sons, born of oneself)

• सिन्धुराजार्थसिद्ध्यर्थम् (sindhurājārthasiddhyartham) - for the accomplishment of the purpose of the king of Sindhu

• अग्रानीके (agrānīke) - in the vanguard, at the head of the army

• व्यवस्थितौ (vyavasthitau) - positioned (ready) (stood, arranged, positioned (dual))

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from there

(indeclinable)

From pronominal stem `tad` + `tas` suffix.

दुःशासनः (duḥśāsanaḥ) - Duḥśāsana (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duḥśāsana

duḥśāsana - Duḥśāsana (proper name of a Kaurava prince, meaning 'hard to govern')

From `dur` (bad, difficult) + `śāsana` (rule, command).

Prefix: dur

Root: śās (class 2)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

एव (eva) - indeed, just, only

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

विकर्णः (vikarṇaḥ) - Vikarṇa (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vikarṇa

vikarṇa - Vikarṇa (proper name of a Kaurava prince, meaning 'one with misshapen ears' or 'one whose ears are turned away')

From `vi` (prefix, distinct/apart) + `karṇa` (ear).

Note: Paired with Duḥśāsana, both are subjects.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

तव (tava) - your, of you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

आत्मजौ (ātmajau) - your two sons (two sons, born of oneself)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of ātmaja

ātmaja - son, daughter, born of oneself, child (ātman)

From `ātman` (self) + `ja` (born).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ātman+ja)

• ātman – self, soul, spirit, individual soul (ātman)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective
  verbal adjective
  From root `jan` (to be born).
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Refers to Duḥśāsana and Vikarṇa.

सिन्धुराजार्थसिद्ध्यर्थम् (sindhurājārthasiddhyartham) - for the accomplishment of the purpose of the king of Sindhu

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sindhurājārthasiddhyartha

sindhurājārthasiddhyartha - for the purpose of achieving the goal of the king of Sindhu

Complex compound.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (many levels) (sindhurāja+artha+siddhi+artha)

• sindhurāja – king of Sindhu
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of `sindhu` (Sindhu region/river) and `rāja` (king).
• artha – purpose, meaning, object, wealth
  noun (masculine)
• siddhi – accomplishment, success, achievement
  noun (feminine)
  From root `sidh` (to accomplish).
  Root: sidh (class 1)
• artha – for the sake of, purpose
  indeclinable
  Used as a suffix indicating purpose.

Note: Used adverbially to express purpose.

अग्रानीके (agrānīke) - in the vanguard, at the head of the army

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of agrānīka

agrānīka - vanguard, front of the army

Compound of `agra` (front) + `anīka` (army, host).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (agra+anīka)

• agra – front, tip, top, leading part
  noun (neuter)
• anīka – army, host, face, front
  noun (neuter)

व्यवस्थितौ (vyavasthitau) - positioned (ready) (stood, arranged, positioned (dual))

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, dual of vyavasthita

vyavasthita - stood, placed, arranged, established

Past Passive Participle

From root `sthā` (to stand) with prefixes `vi` and `ava`.

Prefixes: vi+ava

Root: sthā (class 1)