महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-38, verse-9

अथाब्रवीन्महाप्राज्ञो भारद्वाजः प्रतापवान् ।
हर्षेणोत्फुल्लनयनः कृपमाभाष्य सत्वरम् ॥९॥

9. athābravīnmahāprājño bhāradvājaḥ pratāpavān ,
harṣeṇotphullanayanaḥ kṛpamābhāṣya satvaram.

9. atha abravīt mahāprājñaḥ bhāradvājaḥ pratāpavān
harṣeṇa utphullanayanaḥ kṛpam ābhāṣya satvaram

9. Then, the greatly wise and mighty son of Bharadvaja (Drona), with eyes wide open from joy, quickly addressed Kripa.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover, subsequently

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

• महाप्राज्ञः (mahāprājñaḥ) - greatly wise, very intelligent

• भारद्वाजः (bhāradvājaḥ) - Drona (son of Bharadvaja)

• प्रतापवान् (pratāpavān) - mighty, valorous, glorious

• हर्षेण (harṣeṇa) - with joy, out of delight, due to gladness

• उत्फुल्लनयनः (utphullanayanaḥ) - with blossoming eyes, with wide-open eyes (from emotion)

• कृपम् (kṛpam) - Kripa (a proper noun, name of a warrior/teacher) (to Kripa)

• आभाष्य (ābhāṣya) - having addressed, after speaking to

• सत्वरम् (satvaram) - quickly, swiftly, rapidly

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover, subsequently

(indeclinable)

Particle introducing a new sentence or clause.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect past (laṅ) of brū

From root √brū (to speak), class 2. The 'a-' is the augment for past tense.

Root: brū (class 2)

महाप्राज्ञः (mahāprājñaḥ) - greatly wise, very intelligent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāprājña

mahāprājña - greatly wise, very intelligent, having great wisdom

Karmadhāraya compound of 'mahā' (great) and 'prājña' (wise).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+prājña)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• prājña – wise, intelligent, knowing
  adjective (masculine)
  From 'prajñā' (wisdom) + suffix -a

Note: Agrees with 'bhāradvājaḥ'.

भारद्वाजः (bhāradvājaḥ) - Drona (son of Bharadvaja)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhāradvāja

bhāradvāja - descendant of Bharadvaja

Patronymic from 'Bharadvāja'.

Note: Subject of 'abravīt'.

प्रतापवान् (pratāpavān) - mighty, valorous, glorious

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratāpavat

pratāpavat - mighty, valorous, glorious, powerful

Possessive adjective formed with the suffix -vat from 'pratāpa' (valor, might).

Note: Agrees with 'bhāradvājaḥ'.

हर्षेण (harṣeṇa) - with joy, out of delight, due to gladness

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of harṣa

harṣa - joy, delight, gladness

From root √hṛṣ (to be excited, glad).

Root: hṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Denotes cause or means.

उत्फुल्लनयनः (utphullanayanaḥ) - with blossoming eyes, with wide-open eyes (from emotion)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of utphullanayana

utphullanayana - one whose eyes are blossoming/wide open (with joy, wonder, etc.)

Bahuvrīhi compound of 'utphulla' (blossoming, opened wide) and 'nayana' (eye).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (utphulla+nayana)

• utphulla – blossomed, opened, wide-open
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  PPP of √phull (to bloom, expand) with prefix ut-
  Prefix: ut
  Root: phull (class 1)
• nayana – eye
  noun (neuter)
  From root √nī (to lead) with suffix -ana; refers to 'that which leads/guides' (vision)
  Root: nī (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'bhāradvājaḥ'.

कृपम् (kṛpam) - Kripa (a proper noun, name of a warrior/teacher) (to Kripa)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṛpa

kṛpa - Kripa (name of a warrior and teacher, brother-in-law of Drona)

Note: Object of 'ābhāṣya'.

आभाष्य (ābhāṣya) - having addressed, after speaking to

(indeclinable)

absolutive / gerund

From root √bhāṣ (to speak) with prefix ā- and suffix -ya.

Prefix: ā

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

सत्वरम् (satvaram) - quickly, swiftly, rapidly

(indeclinable)

Can be used as an adjective or adverb. Here, adverbial accusative neuter singular.

Note: Functions as an adverb modifying 'ābhāṣya'.