महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-38, verse-10

घट्टयन्निव मर्माणि तव पुत्रस्य मारिष ।
अभिमन्युं रणे दृष्ट्वा तदा रणविशारदम् ॥१०॥

10. ghaṭṭayanniva marmāṇi tava putrasya māriṣa ,
abhimanyuṁ raṇe dṛṣṭvā tadā raṇaviśāradam.

10. ghaṭṭayan iva marmāṇi tava putrasya māriṣa
abhimanyum raṇe dṛṣṭvā tadā raṇaviśāradam

10. O venerable one (māriṣa), then, upon seeing Abhimanyu—who was skilled in battle—in the combat, [Drona felt] as though he were striking the vital spots of your son.

Words meanings summery:

• घट्टयन् (ghaṭṭayan) - agitating, striking, hurting, touching

• इव (iva) - as if, like, as it were

• मर्माणि (marmāṇi) - vital spots, vulnerable points

• तव (tava) - your, of you

• पुत्रस्य (putrasya) - of Duryodhana (son of Dhritarashtra) (of the son)

• मारिष (māriṣa) - Vocative address to Dhritarashtra by Sanjaya. (O venerable one, O respected sir)

• अभिमन्युम् (abhimanyum) - Abhimanyu (proper noun)

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in combat

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing, upon seeing

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• रणविशारदम् (raṇaviśāradam) - skilled in battle, expert in warfare

Words meanings and morphology

घट्टयन् (ghaṭṭayan) - agitating, striking, hurting, touching

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ghaṭṭayat

ghaṭṭayat - striking, shaking, agitating, hurting

Present Active Participle

From root √ghaṭṭ (to move, shake, strike), class 10, used as a participle.

Root: ghaṭṭ (class 10)

Note: Acts as an adjective referring to Abhimanyu (implied subject).

इव (iva) - as if, like, as it were

(indeclinable)

Particle indicating comparison or supposition.

मर्माणि (marmāṇi) - vital spots, vulnerable points

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of marman

marman - vital spot, vulnerable point, secret

Note: Object of 'ghaṭṭayan'.

तव (tava) - your, of you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

Second person pronoun.

Note: Refers to Dhritarashtra.

पुत्रस्य (putrasya) - of Duryodhana (son of Dhritarashtra) (of the son)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Agrees with 'tava'.

मारिष (māriṣa) - Vocative address to Dhritarashtra by Sanjaya. (O venerable one, O respected sir)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of māriṣa

māriṣa - venerable man, respectable person

From root √mṛṣ (to bear, endure).

Root: mṛṣ (class 1)

अभिमन्युम् (abhimanyum) - Abhimanyu (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of abhimanyu

abhimanyu - Abhimanyu (son of Arjuna and Subhadra)

Name meaning 'full of pride/valor'.

Prefix: abhi

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭvā'.

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, combat, conflict

From root √raṇ (to sound, shout, delight).

Root: raṇ (class 1)

Note: Denotes location of the action.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing, upon seeing

(indeclinable)

absolutive / gerund

From root √dṛś (to see), with suffix -tvā.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Adverb derived from pronominal stem 'tad'.

Note: Specifies time.

रणविशारदम् (raṇaviśāradam) - skilled in battle, expert in warfare

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of raṇaviśārada

raṇaviśārada - skilled in battle, expert in warfare

Tatpurusha compound of 'raṇa' (battle) and 'viśārada' (skilled).

Compound type : saptamī-tatpuruṣa (raṇa+viśārada)

• raṇa – battle, war, combat
  noun (masculine)
  Root: raṇ (class 1)
• viśārada – skilled, expert, clever
  adjective (masculine)
  From prefix vi- and root √śārad (to be skillful).
  Prefix: vi

Note: Agrees with 'abhimanyum'.