महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-38, verse-23

उत्क्रुश्य चाब्रवीद्वाक्यं कुरुराजमिदं पुनः ।
श्रुत्वा कृष्णौ मया ग्रस्तं सौभद्रमतिमानिनौ ।
गमिष्यतः प्रेतलोकं जीवलोकान्न संशयः ॥२३॥

23. utkruśya cābravīdvākyaṁ kururājamidaṁ punaḥ ,
śrutvā kṛṣṇau mayā grastaṁ saubhadramatimāninau ,
gamiṣyataḥ pretalokaṁ jīvalokānna saṁśayaḥ.

23. utkruśya ca abravīt vākyam kururājam
idam punaḥ śrutvā kṛṣṇau mayā
grastam saubhadram atimāninau gamiṣyataḥ
pretalokam jīvalokāt na saṃśayaḥ

23. ca utkruśya idam vākyam punaḥ kururājam
abravīt mayā grastam atimāninau
kṛṣṇau saubhadram śrutvā jīvalokāt
pretalokam na saṃśayaḥ gamiṣyataḥ

23. And having cried out, he spoke these words again to the Kuru king: 'Hearing that the exceedingly proud Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna, as well as Subhadrā's son, have been devoured by me, they will undoubtedly depart from the world of the living to the world of the dead.'

Words meanings summery:

• उत्क्रुश्य (utkruśya) - having cried out, having shrieked

• च (ca) - and, also

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - word, speech, sentence

• कुरुराजम् (kururājam) - To Dhṛtarāṣṭra, the blind king of the Kurus. (to the king of the Kurus)

• इदम् (idam) - this, these

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, further

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• कृष्णौ (kṛṣṇau) - Referring to Vāsudeva Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna. (the two Kṛṣṇas (Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna))

• मया (mayā) - by me

• ग्रस्तम् (grastam) - Contextually refers to Kṛṣṇa, Arjuna, and Abhimanyu being devoured. (devoured, seized, swallowed)

• सौभद्रम् (saubhadram) - Abhimanyu, son of Subhadrā and Arjuna. (son of Subhadrā (Abhimanyu))

• अतिमानिनौ (atimāninau) - Referring to Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna. (exceedingly proud, very arrogant (dual))

• गमिष्यतः (gamiṣyataḥ) - Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna will go. (they will go (dual))

• प्रेतलोकम् (pretalokam) - to the world of the dead

• जीवलोकात् (jīvalokāt) - from the world of the living

• न (na) - not, no

• संशयः (saṁśayaḥ) - doubt, uncertainty

Words meanings and morphology

उत्क्रुश्य (utkruśya) - having cried out, having shrieked

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed with prefix 'ut' + root 'kruś' + suffix 'ya' (absolutive ending after prefix)

Prefix: ut

Root: kruś (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect Active

Root 'brū' (2nd class, adadi) with augment 'a-' for imperfect, 3rd person singular active ending 'īt'.

Root: brū (class 2)

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - word, speech, sentence

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - word, speech, sentence

From root 'vac' (to speak) + 'ṇya' suffix.

Root: vac (class 2)

कुरुराजम् (kururājam) - To Dhṛtarāṣṭra, the blind king of the Kurus. (to the king of the Kurus)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kururāja

kururāja - king of the Kurus

Compound noun

Compound type : tatpurusha (kuru+rājan)

• kuru – name of an ancient tribe and kingdom
  proper noun (masculine)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

इदम् (idam) - this, these

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, these

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Refers to 'vākyam'.

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, further

(indeclinable)

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root 'śru' + suffix 'tvā' (absolutive ending).

Root: śru (class 5)

कृष्णौ (kṛṣṇau) - Referring to Vāsudeva Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna. (the two Kṛṣṇas (Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of kṛṣṇa

kṛṣṇa - Kṛṣṇa, black, dark

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of aham

aham - I, me

First person pronoun

ग्रस्तम् (grastam) - Contextually refers to Kṛṣṇa, Arjuna, and Abhimanyu being devoured. (devoured, seized, swallowed)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of grasta

grasta - devoured, seized, swallowed

Past Passive Participle

From root 'gras' + suffix 'kta' (past passive participle)

Root: gras (class 1)

Note: Grammatically agrees with 'saubhadram'.

सौभद्रम् (saubhadram) - Abhimanyu, son of Subhadrā and Arjuna. (son of Subhadrā (Abhimanyu))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saubhadra

saubhadra - son of Subhadrā (Abhimanyu)

Patronymic from Subhadrā.

अतिमानिनौ (atimāninau) - Referring to Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna. (exceedingly proud, very arrogant (dual))

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, dual of atimānin

atimānin - exceedingly proud, very arrogant

Compound of 'ati' (excessive) + 'mānin' (proud).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (ati+mānin)

• ati – beyond, exceeding, very
  indeclinable
• mānin – proud, conceited, thinking highly of oneself
  adjective (masculine)
  From root 'man' (to think) + 'in' suffix.
  Root: man (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'kṛṣṇau'.

गमिष्यतः (gamiṣyataḥ) - Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna will go. (they will go (dual))

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, future (ḷṛṭ) of gam

Future Active

Root 'gam' + future stem 'gamiṣya' + 3rd person dual active ending 'taḥ'.

Root: gam (class 1)

प्रेतलोकम् (pretalokam) - to the world of the dead

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pretaloka

pretaloka - world of the dead, abode of spirits

Compound noun

Compound type : tatpurusha (preta+loka)

• preta – departed spirit, ghost, dead
  noun (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From 'pra' + root 'i' (to go) + 'kta'.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: i (class 2)
• loka – world, realm, people
  noun (masculine)
  Root: lok (class 1)

जीवलोकात् (jīvalokāt) - from the world of the living

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of jīvaloka

jīvaloka - world of the living, earthly world

Compound noun

Compound type : tatpurusha (jīva+loka)

• jīva – living being, life
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'jīv' (to live).
  Root: jīv (class 1)
• loka – world, realm, people
  noun (masculine)
  Root: lok (class 1)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Negative particle

संशयः (saṁśayaḥ) - doubt, uncertainty

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃśaya

saṁśaya - doubt, uncertainty

From 'sam' + root 'śī' (to lie, doubt) + 'a' suffix.

Prefix: sam

Root: śī (class 2)