महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-34, verse-29

संजय उवाच ।
तस्य तद्वचनं श्रुत्वा स यन्तारमचोदयत् ।
सुमित्राश्वान्रणे क्षिप्रं द्रोणानीकाय चोदय ॥२९॥

29. saṁjaya uvāca ,
tasya tadvacanaṁ śrutvā sa yantāramacodayat ,
sumitrāśvānraṇe kṣipraṁ droṇānīkāya codaya.

29. saṃjayaḥ uvāca | tasya tat vacanam śrutvā saḥ yantāram
acodayat | sumitrāśvān raṇe kṣipram droṇānīkāya codaya

29. saṃjayaḥ uvāca tasya tat vacanam śrutvā,
saḥ yantāram acodayat: "sumitrāśvān kṣipram raṇe droṇānīkāya codaya.
"

29. Saṃjaya said: "Having heard those words of his (Yuḍhiṣṭhira's), he (Abhimanyu) commanded his charioteer: 'Drive the excellent horses swiftly in battle towards Droṇa's army!'"

Words meanings summery:

• संजयः (saṁjayaḥ) - Saṃjaya

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• तस्य (tasya) - of Yuḍhiṣṭhira (his, of him)

• तत् (tat) - that

• वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• सः (saḥ) - Abhimanyu (he)

• यन्तारम् (yantāram) - charioteer

• अचोदयत् (acodayat) - he urged, he commanded

• सुमित्राश्वान् (sumitrāśvān) - excellent horses (good horses, horses of Sumitra)

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle

• क्षिप्रम् (kṣipram) - quickly, swiftly

• द्रोणानीकाय (droṇānīkāya) - towards Droṇa's army/formation

• चोदय (codaya) - drive!, urge!

Words meanings and morphology

संजयः (saṁjayaḥ) - Saṃjaya

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Saṃjaya (charioteer of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

perfect active

root 'vac' becomes 'uvac' in perfect

Root: vac (class 2)

तस्य (tasya) - of Yuḍhiṣṭhira (his, of him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Yuḍhiṣṭhira.

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Agrees with 'vacanam'.

वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - speaking, speech, word, utterance

root vac + lyuṭ suffix

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of 'śrutvā'.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

root śru + ktvā suffix

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Indicates a preceding action.

सः (saḥ) - Abhimanyu (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Subject of 'acodayat'.

यन्तारम् (yantāram) - charioteer

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yantṛ

yantṛ - driver, charioteer, controller

agent noun

root yam (to control) + tṛc suffix

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Object of 'acodayat'.

अचोदयत् (acodayat) - he urged, he commanded

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of cud

imperfect active

causative of cud, then imperfect

Root: cud (class 10)

सुमित्राश्वान् (sumitrāśvān) - excellent horses (good horses, horses of Sumitra)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sumitrāśva

sumitrāśva - good horses, horses of Sumitra

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+aśva)

• su – good, excellent
  indeclinable
• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of 'codaya'.

रणे (raṇe) - in battle

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, combat, war

Root: raṇ (class 1)

क्षिप्रम् (kṣipram) - quickly, swiftly

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb modifying 'codaya'.

द्रोणानीकाय (droṇānīkāya) - towards Droṇa's army/formation

(noun)

Dative, neuter, singular of droṇānīka

droṇānīka - Droṇa's army

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī tatpuruṣa (droṇa+anīka)

• droṇa – Droṇa (proper name)
  proper noun (masculine)
• anīka – army, host, array
  noun (neuter)

Note: Indicates direction or purpose.

चोदय (codaya) - drive!, urge!

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of cud

imperative active

causative of cud, then imperative

Root: cud (class 10)

Note: The verb is in the 2nd person singular imperative, addressed to the charioteer.