महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-34, verse-21

धनंजयसमं युद्धे त्वां वयं तात संयुगे ।
प्रणिधायानुयास्यामो रक्षन्तः सर्वतोमुखाः ॥२१॥

21. dhanaṁjayasamaṁ yuddhe tvāṁ vayaṁ tāta saṁyuge ,
praṇidhāyānuyāsyāmo rakṣantaḥ sarvatomukhāḥ.

21. dhanañjayasamam yuddhe tvām vayam tāta saṃyuge
| praṇidhāya anuyāsyāmaḥ rakṣantaḥ sarvatomukhāḥ

21. tāta vayam yuddhe saṃyuge dhanañjayasamam tvām
praṇidhāya sarvatomukhāḥ rakṣantaḥ अनुयास्यामः

21. Dear one (tāta), considering you equal to Dhananjaya (Arjuna) in battle (yuddha) and combat (saṃyuga), we shall follow you, protecting from all directions (sarvatomukhāḥ).

Words meanings summery:

• धनञ्जयसमम् (dhanañjayasamam) - equal to Dhananjaya

• युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle

• त्वाम् (tvām) - you (accusative)

• वयम् (vayam) - we

• तात (tāta) - dear one, son (affectionate address)

• संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in combat, in battle

• प्रणिधाय (praṇidhāya) - having placed (in the lead), having regarded (as such) (having placed, having fixed, having regarded, having used)

• अनुयास्यामः (anuyāsyāmaḥ) - we shall follow

• रक्षन्तः (rakṣantaḥ) - protecting, guarding

• सर्वतोमुखाः (sarvatomukhāḥ) - facing all directions, with faces everywhere

Words meanings and morphology

धनञ्जयसमम् (dhanañjayasamam) - equal to Dhananjaya

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dhanañjayasama

dhanañjayasama - equal to Dhananjaya, like Arjuna

Compound of 'Dhananjaya' and 'sama'.

Compound type : tatpurusha (dhanañjaya+sama)

• dhanañjaya – Dhananjaya (Arjuna, 'winner of wealth')
  proper noun (masculine)
  Compound 'dhana' (wealth) + 'jaya' (conqueror).
• sama – equal, like, similar, same
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'tvām'.

युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, combat, war

Past Passive Participle (derived from yudh) but functions as noun.

From root yudh (to fight).

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Refers to the context where Abhimanyu is like Dhananjaya.

त्वाम् (tvām) - you (accusative)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Object of 'praṇidhāya' and 'anuyāsyāmaḥ'.

वयम् (vayam) - we

(pronoun)

Nominative, plural of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Subject of 'anuyāsyāmaḥ'.

तात (tāta) - dear one, son (affectionate address)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - dear one, son, father (term of endearment)

Note: Addressing Abhimanyu.

संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in combat, in battle

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃyuga

saṁyuga - battle, combat, encounter, conjunction

From root yuj (to join) with upasarga 'sam'.

Prefix: sam

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Location of action.

प्रणिधाय (praṇidhāya) - having placed (in the lead), having regarded (as such) (having placed, having fixed, having regarded, having used)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive / Gerund

From root dhā (to place) with upasargas 'pra' and 'ni'.

Prefixes: pra+ni

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Sets the condition for following.

अनुयास्यामः (anuyāsyāmaḥ) - we shall follow

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, future (lṛṭ) of anuyā

Future Active

From root yā (to go) with upasarga 'anu'.

Prefix: anu

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

रक्षन्तः (rakṣantaḥ) - protecting, guarding

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rakṣant

rakṣant - protecting, guarding, watching over

Present Active Participle

From root rakṣ (to protect).

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

Note: Describes the state of 'vayam' while following.

सर्वतोमुखाः (sarvatomukhāḥ) - facing all directions, with faces everywhere

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarvatomukha

sarvatomukha - facing all directions, having faces everywhere, omnipresent

Compound of 'sarvatas' (from all sides) and 'mukha' (face).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sarvatas+mukha)

• sarvatas – from all sides, in all directions, everywhere
  indeclinable
  From 'sarva' (all) + suffix -tas.
• mukha – face, mouth, front, opening, chief
  noun (neuter)

Note: Describes the manner of protection by 'vayam'.