महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-17, verse-3

स शब्दः प्रदिशः सर्वा दिशः खं च समावृणोत् ।
आवृतत्वाच्च लोकस्य नासीत्तत्र प्रतिस्वनः ॥३॥

3. sa śabdaḥ pradiśaḥ sarvā diśaḥ khaṁ ca samāvṛṇot ,
āvṛtatvācca lokasya nāsīttatra pratisvanaḥ.

3. sa śabdaḥ pradiśaḥ sarvāḥ diśaḥ khaṃ ca samāvṛṇot
āvṛtatvāt ca lokasya na āsīt tatra pratisvanaḥ

3. sa śabdaḥ sarvāḥ pradiśaḥ diśaḥ ca khaṃ samāvṛṇot
ca lokasya āvṛtatvāt tatra pratisvanaḥ na āsīt

3. That sound completely enveloped all cardinal and intermediate directions, as well as the sky. And because the world was so completely filled, there was no echo (pratisvana) there.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - that (refers to the sound) (that, he)

• शब्दः (śabdaḥ) - the loud roar mentioned in the previous verse. (sound, noise)

• प्रदिशः (pradiśaḥ) - intermediate directions (e.g., northeast, southeast)

• सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all, whole

• दिशः (diśaḥ) - directions (cardinal directions)

• खं (khaṁ) - sky, ether, space

• च (ca) - and

• समावृणोत् (samāvṛṇot) - completely filled the directions and sky with sound. (covered, enveloped, surrounded)

• आवृतत्वात् (āvṛtatvāt) - because of the world being completely filled with sound. (from the state of being covered, owing to the pervasion)

• च (ca) - and

• लोकस्य (lokasya) - of the spatial 'world' or environment. (of the world, of the people)

• न (na) - not

• आसीत् (āsīt) - there was not (an echo). (was, existed)

• तत्र (tatra) - in that permeated space. (there, in that place)

• प्रतिस्वनः (pratisvanaḥ) - echo, reverberation

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - that (refers to the sound) (that, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Agrees with 'śabdaḥ'.

शब्दः (śabdaḥ) - the loud roar mentioned in the previous verse. (sound, noise)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śabda

śabda - sound, noise, word, voice

Root: śabd (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'samāvṛṇot'.

प्रदिशः (pradiśaḥ) - intermediate directions (e.g., northeast, southeast)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of pradiś

pradiś - intermediate direction, sub-direction

'pra' (prefix) + 'diś' (direction).

Prefix: pra

Root: diś (class 6)

Note: Object of 'samāvṛṇot'.

सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all, whole

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Note: Agrees with 'pradiśaḥ' and 'diśaḥ'.

दिशः (diśaḥ) - directions (cardinal directions)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of diś

diś - direction, point of the compass, quarter

Root: diś (class 6)

Note: Object of 'samāvṛṇot'.

खं (khaṁ) - sky, ether, space

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kha

kha - sky, atmosphere, space, ether

Note: Object of 'samāvṛṇot'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Connects 'khaṃ' with 'pradiśaḥ' and 'diśaḥ'.

समावृणोत् (samāvṛṇot) - completely filled the directions and sky with sound. (covered, enveloped, surrounded)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of samāvṛ

Imperfect Active

Root 'vṛ' (to cover) with prefixes 'sam' and 'ā'. 3rd person singular imperfect active.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Verb for 'sa śabdaḥ'.

आवृतत्वात् (āvṛtatvāt) - because of the world being completely filled with sound. (from the state of being covered, owing to the pervasion)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of āvṛtatva

āvṛtatva - the state of being covered, pervaded, surrounded

From 'āvṛta' (PPP of 'āvṛ') + suffix 'tva' (abstract noun). Ablative case.

Prefix: ā

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Indicates cause.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Connects clauses.

लोकस्य (lokasya) - of the spatial 'world' or environment. (of the world, of the people)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, universe, people, community

Root: lok (class 1)

Note: Relates to 'āvṛtatvāt'.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

Note: Negates 'āsīt'.

आसीत् (āsīt) - there was not (an echo). (was, existed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of as

Imperfect Active

Root 'as' (to be). 3rd person singular imperfect active.

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Predicate for 'pratisvanaḥ'.

तत्र (tatra) - in that permeated space. (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial suffix -tra.

Note: Locative adverb.

प्रतिस्वनः (pratisvanaḥ) - echo, reverberation

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratisvana

pratisvana - echo, reverberation, answering sound

'prati' (prefix) + 'svana' (sound).

Prefix: prati

Root: svan (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'na āsīt'.