महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-17, verse-12

तान्यर्जुनः सहस्राणि दश पञ्चैव चाशुगैः ।
अनागतान्येव शरैश्चिच्छेदाशुपराक्रमः ॥१२॥

12. tānyarjunaḥ sahasrāṇi daśa pañcaiva cāśugaiḥ ,
anāgatānyeva śaraiścicchedāśuparākramaḥ.

12. tāni arjunaḥ sahastrāṇi daśa pañca eva ca āśugaiḥ
anāgatāni eva śaraiḥ ciccheda āśuparākramaḥ

12. āśuparākramaḥ arjunaḥ tāni daśa pañca eva
sahastrāṇi anāgatāni eva ca āśugaiḥ śaraiḥ ciccheda

12. Arjuna, swift in valor, cut down those fifteen thousand [enemy arrows], even before they reached him, with his swift arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• तानि (tāni) - those

• अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna

• सहस्त्राणि (sahastrāṇi) - thousands

• दश (daśa) - ten

• पञ्च (pañca) - five

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• च (ca) - and

• आशुगैः (āśugaiḥ) - by swift-moving ones, by arrows (swift)

• अनागतानि (anāgatāni) - not yet arrived, not come

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows

• चिच्छेद (ciccheda) - he cut, he pierced

• आशुपराक्रमः (āśuparākramaḥ) - of swift valor, swift in prowess

Words meanings and morphology

तानि (tāni) - those

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of tad

tad - that, he, it

Note: Refers to the enemy's arrows mentioned in the previous verse, here treated as neuter objects (like 'śarāṇi').

अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (name of a Pandava prince)

सहस्त्राणि (sahastrāṇi) - thousands

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of sahasra

sahasra - thousand

दश (daśa) - ten

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies 'sahastrāṇi'.

पञ्च (pañca) - five

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies 'sahastrāṇi'.

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the preceding word 'pañca'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

आशुगैः (āśugaiḥ) - by swift-moving ones, by arrows (swift)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of āśuga

āśuga - swift-moving, arrow

Compound of āśu (swift) + ga (going)

Compound type : Tatpurusha (āśu+ga)

• āśu – swift, quick, rapid
  adjective
• ga – going, moving
  noun/adjective (masculine/neuter)
  From √gam + ḍa suffix
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Functions as an instrument for 'ciccheda'.

अनागतानि (anāgatāni) - not yet arrived, not come

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of anāgata

anāgata - not come, not arrived

Past Passive Participle

From an-ā-√gam (not to come)

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (an+āgata)

• an – not, un-, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• āgata – arrived, come, obtained
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From ā-√gam (to come, arrive)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'sahastrāṇi'.

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes 'anāgatāni'.

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow

Note: Functions as an instrument for 'ciccheda'.

चिच्छेद (ciccheda) - he cut, he pierced

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Perfect (Lit) of chid

Perfect tense, 3rd singular

Root √chid, class 7, perfect form

Root: chid (class 7)

आशुपराक्रमः (āśuparākramaḥ) - of swift valor, swift in prowess

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āśuparākrama

āśuparākrama - having swift valor/prowess

Compound of āśu (swift) + parākrama (valor)

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (āśu+parākrama)

• āśu – swift, quick, rapid
  adjective
• parākrama – valor, prowess, might, heroism
  noun (masculine)
  From parā-√kram (to step forth, to show might)
  Prefix: parā
  Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'arjunaḥ'.