महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-155, verse-8

नैतत्कारणमल्पं हि भविष्यति जनार्दन ।
तदद्य शंस मे पृष्टः सत्यं सत्यवतां वर ॥८॥

8. naitatkāraṇamalpaṁ hi bhaviṣyati janārdana ,
tadadya śaṁsa me pṛṣṭaḥ satyaṁ satyavatāṁ vara.

8. na etat kāraṇam alpam hi bhaviṣyati janārdana
tat adya śaṃsa me pṛṣṭaḥ satyam satyavatām vara

8. janārdana etat kāraṇam alpam na hi bhaviṣyati
tat satyavatām vara adya me pṛṣṭaḥ satyam śaṃsa

8. This cause will certainly not be a small one, O Janārdana. Therefore, being asked by me, declare the truth today, O best among truth-tellers.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• एतत् (etat) - this

• कारणम् (kāraṇam) - cause, reason, motive

• अल्पम् (alpam) - small, trifling, little

• हि (hi) - surely, indeed, because, for

• भविष्यति (bhaviṣyati) - will be, will happen

• जनार्दन (janārdana) - O Janārdana (an epithet of Kṛṣṇa)

• तत् (tat) - therefore, that, so

• अद्य (adya) - today, now

• शंस (śaṁsa) - declare, tell, reveal

• मे (me) - by me (as in 'asked by me') (to me, by me, of me)

• पृष्टः (pṛṣṭaḥ) - asked, questioned

• सत्यम् (satyam) - truth, reality

• सत्यवताम् (satyavatām) - of those who possess truth, among the truthful

• वर (vara) - O best, O excellent one

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, that

Note: Agrees with `kāraṇam`.

कारणम् (kāraṇam) - cause, reason, motive

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kāraṇa

kāraṇa - cause, reason, instrument, motive

From root `kṛ` (to do, make).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

अल्पम् (alpam) - small, trifling, little

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of alpa

alpa - small, little, trifling, insignificant

Note: Agrees with `kāraṇam`.

हि (hi) - surely, indeed, because, for

(indeclinable)

भविष्यति (bhaviṣyati) - will be, will happen

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of bhū

Future Tense, 3rd Person Singular

Root `bhū`, future stem `bhaviṣya-`.

Root: bhū (class 1)

जनार्दन (janārdana) - O Janārdana (an epithet of Kṛṣṇa)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of janārdana

janārdana - agitating or tormenting men, savior of men, Kṛṣṇa, Viṣṇu

From `jana` (people) + `ardana` (tormenting, or one who is supplicated by men, or one who drives away men's evils).

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (jana+ardana)

• jana – person, man, people
  noun (masculine)
• ardana – tormenting, vexing, supplicating, slayer
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  Derived from root ard- with suffix -ana.
  Root: ard (class 1)

तत् (tat) - therefore, that, so

(indeclinable)

Note: Used as an adverb meaning 'therefore'.

अद्य (adya) - today, now

(indeclinable)

शंस (śaṁsa) - declare, tell, reveal

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of śaṃs

Imperative, 2nd Person Singular

Root `śaṃs`.

Root: śaṃs (class 1)

मे (me) - by me (as in 'asked by me') (to me, by me, of me)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Enclitic form.

Note: Functionally instrumental with `pṛṣṭaḥ`.

पृष्टः (pṛṣṭaḥ) - asked, questioned

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pṛṣṭa

pṛṣṭa - asked, questioned, interrogated

Past Passive Participle

From root `prach` (to ask).

Root: prach (class 6)

सत्यम् (satyam) - truth, reality

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of satya

satya - true, real, truth, reality

Derived from `sat` (being).

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Object of `śaṃsa`.

सत्यवताम् (satyavatām) - of those who possess truth, among the truthful

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of satyavat

satyavat - truthful, veracious, possessing truth

Derived from `satya` with possessive suffix `vat`.

Note: Used in a partitive sense with `vara` ('best *among*').

वर (vara) - O best, O excellent one

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - best, excellent, choicest, boon

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Refers to Janārdana.