महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-155, verse-21

यदा प्रभृति कर्णाय शक्तिर्दत्ता महात्मना ।
वासवेन महाबाहो प्राप्ता यासौ घटोत्कचे ॥२१॥

21. yadā prabhṛti karṇāya śaktirdattā mahātmanā ,
vāsavena mahābāho prāptā yāsau ghaṭotkace.

21. yadā prabhṛti karṇāya śaktiḥ dattā mahātmanā
vāsavena mahābāho prāptā yā asau ghaṭotkace

21. mahābāho,
yadā prabhṛti mahātmanā vāsavena karṇāya śaktiḥ dattā,
yā asau ghaṭotkace prāptā

21. O mighty-armed one! Since the time that spear (śakti) was given to Karna by the great-souled Vasava (Indra), it was that very spear which reached Ghatotkaca.

Words meanings summery:

• यदा (yadā) - since (when, whenever, since)

• प्रभृति (prabhṛti) - since (from, beginning with, since)

• कर्णाय (karṇāya) - to Karna

• शक्तिः (śaktiḥ) - spear (śakti) (spear, power, energy, divine feminine power (śakti))

• दत्ता (dattā) - given

• महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by the great-souled Vasava (Indra) (by the great-souled one, by the noble one)

• वासवेन (vāsavena) - by Vasava (Indra)

• महाबाहो (mahābāho) - O mighty-armed one!

• प्राप्ता (prāptā) - reached (obtained, reached, received)

• या (yā) - which (referring to the śakti) (which, who)

• असौ (asau) - that one (referring to the śakti) (that (one), she)

• घटोत्कचे (ghaṭotkace) - in Ghatotkaca (in/on Ghatotkaca)

Words meanings and morphology

यदा (yadā) - since (when, whenever, since)

(indeclinable)

Adverb of time, from relative pronoun stem 'yad'.

प्रभृति (prabhṛti) - since (from, beginning with, since)

(indeclinable)

Functions as a postposition indicating a starting point in time.

Root: bhṛ (class 1)

Note: 'Since the time...'

कर्णाय (karṇāya) - to Karna

(proper noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karna (proper name); ear

From root √kṛ (to hear).

Root: kṛ (class 1)

Note: Recipient of the śakti.

शक्तिः (śaktiḥ) - spear (śakti) (spear, power, energy, divine feminine power (śakti))

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śakti

śakti - power, strength, ability, spear, divine feminine power (śakti)

From root √śak (to be able).

Root: śak (class 5)

Note: Subject of 'dattā'.

दत्ता (dattā) - given

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of datta

datta - given, granted

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √dā (to give).

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Used as the main verb (passive construction).

महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by the great-souled Vasava (Indra) (by the great-souled one, by the noble one)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, magnanimous; the supreme spirit (ātman)

Bahuvrīhi compound: 'mahā' (great) + 'ātman' (self, soul).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence (ātman)
  noun (masculine)
  From root √an (to breathe).
  Root: an (class 2)

Note: Agent in passive construction.

वासवेन (vāsavena) - by Vasava (Indra)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vāsava

vāsava - Vasava (an epithet of Indra), Lord of the Vasus

Derived from 'Vasu' + suffix.

Note: Agent in passive construction, further specifying 'mahātmanā'.

महाबाहो (mahābāho) - O mighty-armed one!

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahābāhu

mahābāhu - mighty-armed, strong-armed

Bahuvrīhi compound: 'mahā' (great) + 'bāhu' (arm).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bāhu)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• bāhu – arm
  noun (masculine)

Note: Address to the listener.

प्राप्ता (prāptā) - reached (obtained, reached, received)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of prāpta

prāpta - obtained, reached, gained, received

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √āp (to obtain, reach) with prefix pra-.

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'yā' (referring to 'śaktiḥ').

या (yā) - which (referring to the śakti) (which, who)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of yad

yad - which, what

Relative pronoun stem.

असौ (asau) - that one (referring to the śakti) (that (one), she)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of adas

adas - that, that one

Demonstrative pronoun stem.

Note: Emphasizes 'that very one'.

घटोत्कचे (ghaṭotkace) - in Ghatotkaca (in/on Ghatotkaca)

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ghaṭotkaca

ghaṭotkaca - Ghatotkaca (proper name)

Proper name, son of Bhīma and Hiḍimbā. Named for his head (utkaca) resembling a pot (ghaṭa). Bahuvrīhi compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ghaṭa+utkaca)

• ghaṭa – pot, jar
  noun (masculine)
• utkaca – hairless, bald; prominent hair (context-dependent, implies 'head')
  adjective/noun (masculine)
  Derived from 'ut' (up, out) + 'kaca' (hair). Here, interpreted as having a prominent or pot-like head.
  Prefix: ut

Note: Indicates the target/location where the śakti was received.