महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-8, verse-24

पिबन्ति तद्रसं हृष्टा जना नित्यं जनाधिप ।
तस्मिन्फलरसे पीते न जरा बाधते च तान् ॥२४॥

24. pibanti tadrasaṁ hṛṣṭā janā nityaṁ janādhipa ,
tasminphalarase pīte na jarā bādhate ca tān.

24. pibanti tat rasam hṛṣṭāḥ janāḥ nityam janādhipa
tasmin phalarase pīte na jarā bādhate ca tān

24. janādhipa,
hṛṣṭāḥ janāḥ nityam tat rasam pibanti.
tasmin phalarase pīte jarā ca tān na bādhate.

24. O king, delighted people regularly drink that juice. Once that fruit juice has been consumed, old age does not afflict them.

Words meanings summery:

• पिबन्ति (pibanti) - they drink

• तत् (tat) - that

• रसम् (rasam) - the juice (referred to by 'tat') (juice, essence, taste, fluid)

• हृष्टाः (hṛṣṭāḥ) - delighted, joyful, pleased

• जनाः (janāḥ) - people, persons

• नित्यम् (nityam) - constantly, always, perpetually

• जनाधिप (janādhipa) - O king, O lord of men

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that

• फलरसे (phalarase) - in the fruit juice

• पीते (pīte) - having been drunk

• न (na) - not

• जरा (jarā) - old age, decrepitude

• बाधते (bādhate) - afflicts, troubles, harasses

• च (ca) - and, also

• तान् (tān) - them

Words meanings and morphology

पिबन्ति (pibanti) - they drink

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of √pā

Present Active Indicative 3rd Plural

From √pā (1st class, Parasmaipada, 'pib-' stem)

Root: √pā (class 1)

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Used here as the first part of the compound tadrasam, but separated for word_form in roman_words_no_sandhi.

रसम् (rasam) - the juice (referred to by 'tat') (juice, essence, taste, fluid)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rasa

rasa - juice, fluid, essence, taste, aesthetic emotion

Note: Combined with 'tat' in original as 'tadrasam'.

हृष्टाः (hṛṣṭāḥ) - delighted, joyful, pleased

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hṛṣṭa

hṛṣṭa - delighted, joyful, pleased, excited

Past Passive Participle

From √hṛṣ (to be pleased, rejoice)

Root: √hṛṣ (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'janāḥ'.

जनाः (janāḥ) - people, persons

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jana

jana - person, man, creature, people

Note: Subject of 'pibanti'.

नित्यम् (nityam) - constantly, always, perpetually

(indeclinable)

Adverbial use of neuter singular of nitya adjective

Note: Adverb modifying 'pibanti'.

जनाधिप (janādhipa) - O king, O lord of men

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of janādhipa

janādhipa - lord of men, king

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jana+adhipa)

• jana – people, man
  noun (masculine)
• adhipa – lord, ruler, master
  noun (masculine)

Note: Address to a king.

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Refers to 'phalarase'.

फलरसे (phalarase) - in the fruit juice

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of phalarasa

phalarasa - fruit juice, essence of fruit

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (phala+rasa)

• phala – fruit, result, consequence
  noun (neuter)
• rasa – juice, fluid, essence
  noun (masculine)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction. Agrees with 'tasmin' and 'pīte'.

पीते (pīte) - having been drunk

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of pīta

pīta - drunk, imbibed

Past Passive Participle

From √pā (to drink)

Root: √pā (class 1)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction 'tasmin phalarase pīte' (when that fruit juice has been drunk).

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Negative particle

Note: Negates 'bādhate'.

जरा (jarā) - old age, decrepitude

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of jarā

jarā - old age, decay, decrepitude

From √jṛ (to grow old)

Root: √jṛ (class 4)

Note: Subject of 'bādhate'.

बाधते (bādhate) - afflicts, troubles, harasses

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of √bādh

Present Middle Indicative 3rd Singular

From √bādh (1st class, Ātmanepada)

Root: √bādh (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

Note: Connects the negation to 'tān'.

तान् (tān) - them

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, this

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Object of 'bādhate'.