महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-53, verse-18

ध्वजैस्तत्रापविद्धैश्च कार्मुकैस्तोमरैस्तथा ।
प्रासैस्तथा गदाभिश्च परिघैः कम्पनैस्तथा ॥१८॥

18. dhvajaistatrāpaviddhaiśca kārmukaistomaraistathā ,
prāsaistathā gadābhiśca parighaiḥ kampanaistathā.

18. dhvajaiḥ tatra apaviddhaiḥ ca kārmukaiḥ tomaraiḥ tathā
prāsaiḥ tathā gadābhiḥ ca parighaiḥ kampanaiḥ tathā

18. tatra dhvajaiḥ apaviddhaiḥ ca kārmukaiḥ tathā tomaraiḥ
tathā prāsaiḥ ca gadābhiḥ tathā parighaiḥ tathā kampanaiḥ

18. And there, amidst the cast-down banners, bows, javelins, spears, maces, iron clubs, and vibrating weapons (strewn across the ground).

Words meanings summery:

• ध्वजैः (dhvajaiḥ) - by banners, with banners

• तत्र (tatra) - on the battlefield (there, in that place)

• अपविद्धैः (apaviddhaiḥ) - modifying the implied 'banners' and other weapons, indicating they were scattered on the ground (by those cast down, by the scattered/fallen)

• च (ca) - and, also

• कार्मुकैः (kārmukaiḥ) - by bows

• तोमरैः (tomaraiḥ) - by lances, by javelins

• तथा (tathā) - and, similarly, thus

• प्रासैः (prāsaiḥ) - by spears

• तथा (tathā) - and, similarly, thus

• गदाभिः (gadābhiḥ) - by maces

• च (ca) - and, also

• परिघैः (parighaiḥ) - by iron clubs, by bludgeons

• कम्पनैः (kampanaiḥ) - by vibrating weapons, by shaking spears/darts

• तथा (tathā) - and, similarly, thus

Words meanings and morphology

ध्वजैः (dhvajaiḥ) - by banners, with banners

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of dhvaja

dhvaja - banner, flag, standard

तत्र (tatra) - on the battlefield (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

अपविद्धैः (apaviddhaiḥ) - modifying the implied 'banners' and other weapons, indicating they were scattered on the ground (by those cast down, by the scattered/fallen)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of apaviddha

apaviddha - cast down, thrown away, scattered, fallen

Past Passive Participle

From root √vyadh with prefix apa-

Prefix: apa

Root: vyadh (class 4)

Note: Agrees in case, gender, and number with 'dhvajaiḥ'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

कार्मुकैः (kārmukaiḥ) - by bows

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of kārmuka

kārmuka - bow (made of kārmuka wood)

तोमरैः (tomaraiḥ) - by lances, by javelins

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tomara

tomara - a lance, javelin, spear

तथा (tathā) - and, similarly, thus

(indeclinable)

प्रासैः (prāsaiḥ) - by spears

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of prāsa

prāsa - a dart, spear, javelin

तथा (tathā) - and, similarly, thus

(indeclinable)

गदाभिः (gadābhiḥ) - by maces

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of gadā

gadā - mace, club

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

परिघैः (parighaiḥ) - by iron clubs, by bludgeons

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of parigha

parigha - an iron club, bludgeon; a bolt or bar for a door

कम्पनैः (kampanaiḥ) - by vibrating weapons, by shaking spears/darts

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kampana

kampana - shaking, trembling; a spear or dart (that shakes)

Derived from root √kamp (to shake)

Root: kamp (class 1)

तथा (tathā) - and, similarly, thus

(indeclinable)