महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-2, verse-31

या चैषा विश्रुता राजंस्त्रैलोक्ये साधुसंमता ।
अरुन्धती तयाप्येष वसिष्ठः पृष्ठतः कृतः ॥३१॥

31. yā caiṣā viśrutā rājaṁstrailokye sādhusaṁmatā ,
arundhatī tayāpyeṣa vasiṣṭhaḥ pṛṣṭhataḥ kṛtaḥ.

31. yā ca eṣā viśrutā rājan trailokye sādhusaṃmatā
arundhatī tayā api eṣaḥ vasiṣṭhaḥ pṛṣṭhataḥ kṛtaḥ

31. rājan,
yā ca eṣā trailokye viśrutā sādhusaṃmatā arundhatī,
tayā api eṣaḥ vasiṣṭhaḥ pṛṣṭhataḥ kṛtaḥ.

31. O king, Arundhatī, who is renowned and esteemed by the righteous throughout the three worlds, has even left Vasiṣṭha behind.

Words meanings summery:

• या (yā) - who, which

• च (ca) - and

• एषा (eṣā) - this

• विश्रुता (viśrutā) - famous, renowned, well-known

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• त्रैलोक्ये (trailokye) - in the three worlds, throughout the three realms

• साधुसंमता (sādhusaṁmatā) - honored by the good, esteemed by the righteous

• अरुन्धती (arundhatī) - Arundhatī (name of a star and a sage's wife)

• तया (tayā) - by Arundhatī (by her)

• अपि (api) - even, also

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this Vasiṣṭha (this (one))

• वसिष्ठः (vasiṣṭhaḥ) - Vasiṣṭha (name of a revered sage)

• पृष्ठतः (pṛṣṭhataḥ) - behind, at the back

• कृतः (kṛtaḥ) - left behind, surpassed (made, done, placed, put)

Words meanings and morphology

या (yā) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of ya

ya - who, which

Relative pronoun.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एषा (eṣā) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Demonstrative pronoun.

विश्रुता (viśrutā) - famous, renowned, well-known

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of viśruta

viśruta - famous, renowned, well-known

Past Passive Participle

PPP of root √śru (to hear) with prefix vi-.

Prefix: vi

Root: śru (class 5)

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

त्रैलोक्ये (trailokye) - in the three worlds, throughout the three realms

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of trailokya

trailokya - the three worlds (heaven, earth, and netherworld), the three realms

Derived from 'tri' (three) and 'loka' (world).

Compound type : dvigu (tri+loka)

• tri – three
  numeral
• loka – world, realm, people
  noun (masculine)
  From root √lok (to see).
  Root: lok (class 1)

Note: Denotes the place where Arundhatī is famous and esteemed.

साधुसंमता (sādhusaṁmatā) - honored by the good, esteemed by the righteous

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sādhusaṃmata

sādhusaṁmata - approved/esteemed by the good/righteous

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sādhu+saṃmata)

• sādhu – good, righteous, virtuous, holy man
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: sādh
• saṃmata – approved, esteemed, honored
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  PPP of root √man (to think) with prefix sam-.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: man (class 4)

Note: Agrees with Arundhatī.

अरुन्धती (arundhatī) - Arundhatī (name of a star and a sage's wife)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of arundhatī

arundhatī - Arundhatī (the name of a faint star Alcor in Ursa Major, wife of sage Vasiṣṭha, revered for purity and fidelity)

Note: Main subject of the first clause.

तया (tayā) - by Arundhatī (by her)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Agent in the passive construction.

अपि (api) - even, also

(indeclinable)

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this Vasiṣṭha (this (one))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Demonstrative pronoun.

वसिष्ठः (vasiṣṭhaḥ) - Vasiṣṭha (name of a revered sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vasiṣṭha

vasiṣṭha - Vasiṣṭha (name of a highly revered ancient sage, one of the Saptarishis, husband of Arundhatī)

Root: vas

Note: The one who is 'put behind' or 'surpassed'.

पृष्ठतः (pṛṣṭhataḥ) - behind, at the back

(indeclinable)

Adverb formed from 'pṛṣṭha' (back) with suffix -tas.

कृतः (kṛtaḥ) - left behind, surpassed (made, done, placed, put)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed, placed

Past Passive Participle

PPP of root √kṛ (to do, make).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Part of the passive construction with an implied auxiliary verb, meaning 'was left behind'.