महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-2, verse-23

अलक्ष्यः प्रभया हीनः पौर्णमासीं च कार्त्तिकीम् ।
चन्द्रोऽभूदग्निवर्णश्च समवर्णे नभस्तले ॥२३॥

23. alakṣyaḥ prabhayā hīnaḥ paurṇamāsīṁ ca kārttikīm ,
candro'bhūdagnivarṇaśca samavarṇe nabhastale.

23. alakṣyaḥ prabhayā hīnaḥ paurṇamāsīm ca kārttikīm
candraḥ abhūt agnivarnaḥ ca samavarṇe nabhastale

23. paurṇamāsīm ca kārttikīm candraḥ prabhayā hīnaḥ
alakṣyaḥ abhūt agnivarnaḥ ca samavarṇe nabhastale

23. On the Kārttika full moon, the moon was indiscernible, devoid of its brilliance. And (it became) fire-colored, with the sky appearing uniformly colored.

Words meanings summery:

• अलक्ष्यः (alakṣyaḥ) - invisible, imperceptible, indiscernible

• प्रभया (prabhayā) - by brilliance, by light

• हीनः (hīnaḥ) - devoid of, lacking, abandoned, deficient

• पौर्णमासीम् (paurṇamāsīm) - The specific time of a full moon. (full moon day/night)

• च (ca) - Connects 'paurṇamāsīm' to 'kārttikīm', forming the phrase 'Kārttika full moon'. (and, also, moreover)

• कार्त्तिकीम् (kārttikīm) - The full moon day of the month Kārttika (October-November). (relating to the month of Kārttika)

• चन्द्रः (candraḥ) - moon

• अभूत् (abhūt) - was, became, existed

• अग्निवर्नः (agnivarnaḥ) - fire-colored, fiery

• च (ca) - Connects 'agnivarṇaḥ' with the state of the sky. (and, also, moreover)

• समवर्णे (samavarṇe) - of the same color, uniformly colored

• नभस्तले (nabhastale) - in the sky, on the surface of the sky

Words meanings and morphology

अलक्ष्यः (alakṣyaḥ) - invisible, imperceptible, indiscernible

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of alakṣya

alakṣya - invisible, imperceptible, not to be seen

From a + lakṣya (perceptible).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+lakṣya)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• lakṣya – perceptible, visible, target
  adjective (masculine)
  Gerundive
  From root lakṣ (to perceive) + ya.
  Root: lakṣ (class 10)

Note: Predicative adjective for candraḥ.

प्रभया (prabhayā) - by brilliance, by light

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of prabhā

prabhā - brilliance, light, splendor

From pra + bhā (to shine).

Prefix: pra

Root: bhā (class 2)

Note: Instrumental singular, indicating the means by which it is 'devoid'.

हीनः (hīnaḥ) - devoid of, lacking, abandoned, deficient

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hīna

hīna - left, abandoned, deficient, lacking, inferior

Past Passive Participle

From root hā (to abandon, quit) + kta (ta).

Root: hā (class 3)

Note: Predicative adjective for candraḥ.

पौर्णमासीम् (paurṇamāsīm) - The specific time of a full moon. (full moon day/night)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of paurṇamāsī

paurṇamāsī - full moon day, full moon

Derived from pūrṇamāsa (full moon).

Note: Adverbial accusative of time.

च (ca) - Connects 'paurṇamāsīm' to 'kārttikīm', forming the phrase 'Kārttika full moon'. (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

कार्त्तिकीम् (kārttikīm) - The full moon day of the month Kārttika (October-November). (relating to the month of Kārttika)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kārttikī

kārttikī - relating to Kārttika (month), a full moon in Kārttika

From Kṛttikā (constellation, or Kārttika month).

Note: Adverbial accusative of time.

चन्द्रः (candraḥ) - moon

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of candra

candra - moon, moon-god

From cand (to shine).

Root: cand (class 1)

Note: Subject of the verb.

अभूत् (abhūt) - was, became, existed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect indicative (luṅ) of bhū

Aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular.

From root bhū, aorist form.

Root: bhū (class 1)

अग्निवर्नः (agnivarnaḥ) - fire-colored, fiery

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of agnivarna

agnivarna - fire-colored, having the color of fire

Agni (fire) + varṇa (color).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (agni+varṇa)

• agni – fire, god of fire
  noun (masculine)
• varṇa – color, caste, letter
  noun (masculine)
  From vṛ (to cover, color).
  Root: vṛ (class 9)

Note: Predicative adjective for candraḥ.

च (ca) - Connects 'agnivarṇaḥ' with the state of the sky. (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

समवर्णे (samavarṇe) - of the same color, uniformly colored

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of samavarṇa

samavarṇa - of the same color, homogeneous, uniformly colored

Sama (same) + varṇa (color).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sama+varṇa)

• sama – same, equal, uniform
  adjective (masculine)
• varṇa – color, appearance
  noun (masculine)
  From vṛ (to cover, color).
  Root: vṛ (class 9)

Note: Qualifies nabhastale.

नभस्तले (nabhastale) - in the sky, on the surface of the sky

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of nabhastala

nabhastala - surface of the sky, firmament

Nabhas (sky) + tala (surface).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nabhas+tala)

• nabhas – sky, atmosphere, cloud
  noun (neuter)
  Root: nah (class 4)
• tala – surface, plane, ground, palm
  noun (neuter)
  Root: tal (class 10)

Note: Indicates location.