महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-2, verse-6

यदि त्विच्छसि संग्रामे द्रष्टुमेनं विशां पते ।
चक्षुर्ददानि ते हन्त युद्धमेतन्निशामय ॥६॥

6. yadi tvicchasi saṁgrāme draṣṭumenaṁ viśāṁ pate ,
cakṣurdadāni te hanta yuddhametanniśāmaya.

6. yadi tu icchasi saṃgrāme draṣṭum enam viśām pate
cakṣuḥ dadāni te hanta yuddham etat niśāmaya

6. viśām pate yadi tu enam saṃgrāme draṣṭum icchasi
te cakṣuḥ dadāni hanta etat yuddham niśāmaya

6. O lord of people, if you wish to see this (battle), I will give you the vision. Indeed, behold this battle!

Words meanings summery:

• यदि (yadi) - if

• तु (tu) - but, however (introduces a slight contrast or continuation) (but, however, indeed)

• इच्छसि (icchasi) - you wish (you wish, you desire)

• संग्रामे (saṁgrāme) - in the great battle (in battle, in combat)

• द्रष्टुम् (draṣṭum) - to witness (to see, to behold)

• एनम् (enam) - this (battle, referring to 'saṃgrāma' as masculine) (this)

• विशाम् (viśām) - of the people (of people, of subjects)

• पते (pate) - O lord (addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O lord, O master)

• चक्षुः (cakṣuḥ) - divine vision, ability to see (eye, sight, vision)

• ददानि (dadāni) - I will bestow (divine sight) (I will give)

• ते (te) - to you (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (to you, for you)

• हन्त (hanta) - indeed, so (exclamatory, introduces the command) (indeed, alas, oh!)

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - the battle (Kurukṣetra war) (battle, war)

• एतत् (etat) - this (approaching battle) (this)

• निशामय (niśāmaya) - witness, observe (the battle) (behold, observe, look)

Words meanings and morphology

यदि (yadi) - if

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a conditional clause.

तु (tu) - but, however (introduces a slight contrast or continuation) (but, however, indeed)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the condition.

इच्छसि (icchasi) - you wish (you wish, you desire)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of iṣ

Present Active Indicative

2nd person singular, Present active, from root iṣ (Class 6, becomes 'icch' in present stem)

Root: iṣ (class 6)

Note: Governs the infinitive 'draṣṭum'.

संग्रामे (saṁgrāme) - in the great battle (in battle, in combat)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃgrāma

saṁgrāma - battle, combat, war

Note: Specifies the location of 'draṣṭum'.

द्रष्टुम् (draṣṭum) - to witness (to see, to behold)

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Infinitive of purpose from root dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Used with 'icchasi'.

एनम् (enam) - this (battle, referring to 'saṃgrāma' as masculine) (this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ena

ena - this, that

Note: Refers to the battle (masculine 'saṃgrāma' is implicit).

विशाम् (viśām) - of the people (of people, of subjects)

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of viś

viś - people, inhabitants, subjects

Note: Part of the compound address 'viśām pate'.

पते (pate) - O lord (addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O lord, O master)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - lord, master, husband

Note: Part of the address 'viśām pate'.

चक्षुः (cakṣuḥ) - divine vision, ability to see (eye, sight, vision)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of cakṣus

cakṣus - eye, sight, vision

Note: Object of 'dadāni'.

ददानि (dadāni) - I will bestow (divine sight) (I will give)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present indicative / imperative (laṭ / loṭ) of dā

Present Active Indicative/Imperative (Lōṭ)

1st person singular, Present (Lōṭ) active, reduplicated form

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Expresses Vyāsa's offer.

ते (te) - to you (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (to you, for you)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Recipient of the sight.

हन्त (hanta) - indeed, so (exclamatory, introduces the command) (indeed, alas, oh!)

(indeclinable)

युद्धम् (yuddham) - the battle (Kurukṣetra war) (battle, war)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, combat, war

Past Passive Participle

from root yudh 'to fight'

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Object of 'niśāmaya'.

एतत् (etat) - this (approaching battle) (this)

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of etad

etad - this

Note: Adjective to 'yuddham'.

निशामय (niśāmaya) - witness, observe (the battle) (behold, observe, look)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of niśāmay

Causative Imperative Active

2nd person singular, Imperative active, from root śam with prefix ni. The 'āy' comes from the causative suffix 'ṇic' causing 'śam' to lengthen to 'śām'.

Prefix: ni

Root: śam (class 4)